The evolutionary history of dogs in the Americas.

The evolutionary history of dogs in the Americas.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aao4776
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发表时间:
2018-07-06
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Frantz LAF
Frantz LAF
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ní Leathlobhair M;Perri AR;Irving-Pease EK;Witt KE;Linderholm A;Haile J;Lebrasseur O;Ameen C;Blick J;Boyko AR;Brace S;Cortes YN;Crockford SJ;Devault A;Dimopoulos EA;Eldridge M;Enk J;Gopalakrishnan S;Gori K;Grimes V;Guiry E;Hansen AJ;Hulme-Beaman A;Johnson J;Kitchen A;Kasparov AK;Kwon YM;Nikolskiy PA;Lope CP;Manin A;Martin T;Meyer M;Myers KN;Omura M;Rouillard JM;Pavlova EY;Sciulli P;Sinding MS;Strakova A;Ivanova VV;Widga C;Willerslev E;Pitulko VV;Barnes I;Gilbert MTP;Dobney KM;Malhi RS;Murchison EP;Larson G;Frantz LAF

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在欧洲殖民者到来之前,狗就已经存在于美洲,但这些狗的起源和命运在很大程度上是未知的。我们对来自古代北美和西伯利亚狗的71个线粒体和7个核基因组进行了测序,时间跨度约为9,000年。我们的分析表明,美国狗不是从北美狼驯化而来的。相反,美国狗形成了一个单系谱系,可能起源于西伯利亚,并与人类一起分散到美洲。在欧洲人到来之后,美洲原住民的狗几乎完全消失,在现代狗的种群中留下了最小的遗传遗产。值得注意的是,与接触前的美国狗最接近的现存血统是犬传染性性病肿瘤,这是一种传染性癌症克隆,来自一只生活在8,000年前的狗。
Dogs were present in the Americas prior to the arrival of European colonists, but the origin and fate of these pre-contact dogs are largely unknown. We sequenced 71 mitochondrial and seven nuclear genomes from ancient North American and Siberian dogs spanning ~9,000 years. Our analysis indicates that American dogs were not domesticated from North American wolves. Instead, American dogs form a monophyletic lineage that likely originated in Siberia and dispersed into the Americas alongside people. After the arrival of Europeans, native American dogs almost completely disappeared, leaving a minimal genetic legacy in modern dog populations. Remarkably, the closest detectable extant lineage to pre-contact American dogs is the canine transmissible venereal tumor, a contagious cancer clone derived from an individual dog that lived up to 8,000 years ago.
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