Childhood attention problems mediate effects of child maltreatment on decision-making performance in emerging adulthood.
Childhood attention problems mediate effects of child maltreatment on decision-making performance in emerging adulthood.
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儿童虐待对成年早期决策表现的中介效应是儿童注意力问题。
DOI：
10.1037/dev0001154
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Cicchetti D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Warmingham JM;Handley ED;Russotti J;Rogosch FA;Cicchetti D
成年初期的决策障碍会给社会和职业角色带来挑战的风险，并可能增加出现健康问题的几率。儿童期虐待与认知和情感领域(如执行功能、情绪调节)的适应不良有关，与决策能力的发展有关。这项研究调查了童年虐待和随后的童年注意问题，作为成年初期决策表现的发展先行因素。在第一波中，受虐儿童和非受虐儿童(MAGE=11.28，SD=.97；51.5%女性；平均家庭收入：22,530美元/年)被招募参加研究夏令营。目前的研究包括来自第一波的参与者(n=379)，他们在第二波完成剑桥赌博任务(CGT)(MAGE=19.68，SD=1.12；77.3%的黑人/非裔美国人，11.1%的白人，7.7%的西班牙裔，4.0%的其他种族)。CGT通过评估获胜概率不同的试验中的投注行为来衡量决策表现。方差分析结果显示，在风险水平不同的试验中，童年经历过虐待的初出茅庐的成年人下了更高的赌注，调整后的赌注不那么敏感。纵向结构方程模拟结果表明，控制智商的儿童期注意力不集中与虐待亚型的数量之间存在显著关系。反过来，童年时期更多的注意力问题预示着更糟糕的风险调整，或者说，根据CGT试验获胜的概率来修改赌注的能力。这条中介路径显示了虐待对成年初期的决策和冒险过程产生负面影响的一个过程。
Decision making impairments during emerging adulthood confer risk for challenges in social and occupational roles and may increase the odds of developing health problems. Childhood maltreatment is related to maladaptation in cognitive and affective domains (e.g., executive functioning, emotion regulation) implicated in the development of decision making capacities. This study investigates childhood maltreatment and subsequent childhood attention problems as developmental antecedents of decision making performance in emerging adulthood. At wave 1, equal numbers of maltreated and non-maltreated children (Mage= 11.28, SD=.97; 51.5% female; mean family income: $22,530/year) were recruited to take part in a research summer camp. The current study includes a subset of participants (n=379) from wave 1 who completed the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT) at wave 2 (Mage=19.68, SD=1.12; 77.3% Black/African American, 11.1% White, 7.7% Hispanic, 4.0% Other race). The CGT measured decision making performance by assessing betting behavior across trials that differed in probability of winning. ANOVA results showed that emerging adults who experienced maltreatment in childhood placed higher bets and less sensitively adjusted bets across trials varying in level of risk. Longitudinal structural equation modeling results indicated significant relationships between number of maltreatment subtypes and greater childhood inattention, controlling for IQ. In turn, greater attention problems in childhood predicted worse risk adjustment, or ability to modify betting based on the probability of winning on CGT trials. This mediated path shows one process by which maltreatment negatively affects decision making and risk taking processes in emerging adulthood.
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影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cowell RA;Cicchetti D;Rogosch FA;Toth SL
通讯作者：
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作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
22.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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