Mental imagery of speech and movement implicates the dynamics of internal forward models.
Mental imagery of speech and movement implicates the dynamics of internal forward models.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00166
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Poeppel D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tian X;Poeppel D
内部前向模型背景下的输出副本的经典概念刺激了认知科学和神经科学领域富有成效的研究。有令人信服的理由支持这种机制，但在人脑中找到直接证据仍然很困难。在这里，我们从非常规的角度研究内部前向模型的动态：在使用脑磁图记录高时间分辨率神经元活动的同时评估心理意象。我们比较两个显性任务和隐性任务；我们隐蔽的心理意象任务不会受到明显的输入/输出需求的影响，但反过来又需要开发适当的多维地形分析。手指敲击（研究 1 和 2）和语音实验（研究 3-5）提供了时间受限的结果，暗示了对输出副本的估计。我们建议顶叶皮层的一种内部前向模型有助于运动想象中的动觉。其次，在语音实验（研究 3-5）中运动估计后约 170ms 观察到的听觉神经活动证明了在语音产生图像的第二个内部前向模型中计划的运动命令的预期听觉后果。我们的研究结果提供了来自人脑的神经生理学证据，支持内部前向模型在手指敲击和语音产生任务中分别在体感和听觉皮层部署输出副本，并且还提出了内部前向模型的动态和顺序更新结构。
The classical concept of efference copies in the context of internal forward models has stimulated productive research in cognitive science and neuroscience. There are compelling reasons to argue for such a mechanism, but finding direct evidence in the human brain remains difficult. Here we investigate the dynamics of internal forward models from an unconventional angle: mental imagery, assessed while recording high temporal resolution neuronal activity using magnetoencephalography. We compare two overt and covert tasks; our covert, mental imagery tasks are unconfounded by overt input/output demands – but in turn necessitate the development of appropriate multi-dimensional topographic analyses. Finger tapping (studies 1 and 2) and speech experiments (studies 3–5) provide temporally constrained results that implicate the estimation of an efference copy. We suggest that one internal forward model over parietal cortex subserves the kinesthetic feeling in motor imagery. Secondly, observed auditory neural activity ~170 ms after motor estimation in speech experiments (studies 3–5) demonstrates the anticipated auditory consequences of planned motor commands in a second internal forward model in imagery of speech production. Our results provide neurophysiological evidence from the human brain in favor of internal forward models deploying efference copies in somatosensory and auditory cortex, in finger tapping and speech production tasks, respectively, and also suggest the dynamics and sequential updating structure of internal forward models.
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