Increasing beef production could lower greenhouse gas emissions in Brazil if decoupled from deforestation

Increasing beef production could lower greenhouse gas emissions in Brazil if decoupled from deforestation
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如果与森林砍伐脱钩,增加牛肉产量可以降低巴西的温室气体排放

DOI:
10.1038/nclimate2916
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发表时间:
2016
影响因子:
30.7
通讯作者:
De Oliveira Silva R
De Oliveira Silva R
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
De Oliveira Silva R

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最近关于农业温室气体减排的辩论突出了我们生产和消费食物的方式所固有的权衡,对排放密集型畜牧产品的审查越来越多。虽然大多数研究都集中在通过提高生产力来缓解,但区域一级牛肉产量减少所导致的系统性相互作用仍未得到探讨。牛肉生产的详细优化模型,包括牧场退化和恢复过程中,动物和森林砍伐的排放,土壤有机碳(SOC)动态和上游生命周期清单的巴西塞拉多和参数化。考虑到两种替代方案,经济回报最大化:解耦畜牧森林砍伐(DLD),假设有效的政策控制的基线森林砍伐率;耦合畜牧森林砍伐(CLD),牛肉需求的变化改变森林砍伐率。在DLD中,减少消费实际上导致生产力较低的牛肉系统,与更高的排放强度和总排放量相关,而增加产量导致更有效的系统,增加SOC库存,减少每公斤和总排放量。在CLD下,产量增加导致排放量比DLD高60%。研究结果表明,在何种程度上森林砍伐控制有助于可持续集约化塞拉多牛肉系统,以及如何替代生命周期分析方法导致显着不同的排放量估计。
Recent debate about agricultural greenhouse gas emissions mitigation highlights trade-offs inherent in the way we produce and consume food, with increasing scrutiny on emissions-intensive livestock products,,. Although most research has focused on mitigation through improved productivity,, systemic interactions resulting from reduced beef production at the regional level are still unexplored. A detailed optimization model of beef production encompassing pasture degradation and recovery processes, animal and deforestation emissions, soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and upstream life-cycle inventory was developed and parameterized for the Brazilian Cerrado. Economic return was maximized considering two alternative scenarios: decoupled livestock–deforestation (DLD), assuming baseline deforestation rates controlled by effective policy; and coupled livestock–deforestation (CLD), where shifting beef demand alters deforestation rates. In DLD, reduced consumption actually leads to less productive beef systems, associated with higher emissions intensities and total emissions, whereas increased production leads to more efficient systems with boosted SOC stocks, reducing both per kilogram and total emissions. Under CLD, increased production leads to 60% higher emissions than in DLD. The results indicate the extent to which deforestation control contributes to sustainable intensification in Cerrado beef systems, and how alternative life-cycle analytical approaches result in significantly different emission estimates.
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