Causal Contributions of the Domain-General (Multiple Demand) and the Language-Selective Brain Networks to Perceptual and Semantic Challenges in Speech Comprehension.
Causal Contributions of the Domain-General (Multiple Demand) and the Language-Selective Brain Networks to Perceptual and Semantic Challenges in Speech Comprehension.
复制标题
领域将军（多重需求）和语言选择性大脑网络的因果贡献对语音理解中的知觉和语义挑战。
DOI：
10.1162/nol_a_00081
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Davis, Matthew H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacGregor, Lucy J.;Gilbert, Rebecca A.;Balewski, Zuzanna;Mitchell, Daniel J.;Erzinclioglu, Sharon W.;Rodd, Jennifer M.;Duncan, John;Fedorenko, Evelina;Davis, Matthew H.
关键词：
除了领域选择性（额颞）语言区域之外，听口语还涉及人类大脑的领域一般多重需求（MD;额顶叶）区域，特别是当理解具有挑战性时。然而，有限的证据表明MD网络对理解语言的核心方面做出了功能性贡献。在一项对患有慢性脑损伤但无失语症的志愿者（n = 19）的行为研究中，我们评估了这些网络在感知、理解和适应口语句子中的因果作用，这些口语句子因声学退化或词汇语义模糊而更具挑战性。我们测量感知和适应声学退化（噪声声码）的句子与一个词的报告任务之前和之后的培训。参与者更大的损害，但不是语言区域的MD需要更多的声码器通道，以实现50%的字报告，表明受损的感知。感知改善训练后，反映适应声退化，但适应病变的位置或程度无关。用句子连贯性判断任务测量了对含有语义歧义词的口语句子的理解。准确度高，不受病变位置或范围的影响。在随后的单词联想任务，这表明，提供的低频率的含义模糊的单词增加后，他们的理解（词义启动）的语义模糊的适应。词义启动减少的参与者更大的损害语言，但不是MD地区。语言和MD网络对挑战性的语音理解做出了不可分割的贡献：使用最近的经验来更新词义偏好取决于语言选择区域，而域通用MD网络在报告退化语音中的单词时起着因果作用。
Listening to spoken language engages domain-general multiple demand (MD; frontoparietal) regions of the human brain, in addition to domain-selective (frontotemporal) language regions, particularly when comprehension is challenging. However, there is limited evidence that the MD network makes a functional contribution to core aspects of understanding language. In a behavioural study of volunteers (n = 19) with chronic brain lesions, but without aphasia, we assessed the causal role of these networks in perceiving, comprehending, and adapting to spoken sentences made more challenging by acoustic-degradation or lexico-semantic ambiguity. We measured perception of and adaptation to acoustically degraded (noise-vocoded) sentences with a word report task before and after training. Participants with greater damage to MD but not language regions required more vocoder channels to achieve 50% word report, indicating impaired perception. Perception improved following training, reflecting adaptation to acoustic degradation, but adaptation was unrelated to lesion location or extent. Comprehension of spoken sentences with semantically ambiguous words was measured with a sentence coherence judgement task. Accuracy was high and unaffected by lesion location or extent. Adaptation to semantic ambiguity was measured in a subsequent word association task, which showed that availability of lower-frequency meanings of ambiguous words increased following their comprehension (word-meaning priming). Word-meaning priming was reduced for participants with greater damage to language but not MD regions. Language and MD networks make dissociable contributions to challenging speech comprehension: Using recent experience to update word meaning preferences depends on language-selective regions, whereas the domain-general MD network plays a causal role in reporting words from degraded speech.
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DOI：
10.1037/xlm0000507
发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
影响因子：
--
作者：
Betts HN;Gilbert RA;Cai ZG;Okedara ZB;Rodd JM
通讯作者：
Rodd JM
DOI：
10.1037/xlm0000936
发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Blott, Lena M.;Rodd, Jennifer M.;Ferreira, Fernanda;Warren, Jane E.
通讯作者：
Warren, Jane E.
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2009.0111
发表时间：
2009-12-27
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Davis MH;Gaskell MG
通讯作者：
Gaskell MG
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Altmann, GTM;Kamide, Y
通讯作者：
Kamide, Y
影响因子：
2
作者：
Apperly, Ian A.;Samson, Dana;Humphreys, Glyn
通讯作者：
Humphreys, Glyn