Experimental Study of Elevator Loading and Unloading Time During Evacuation in High-Rise Buildings
Experimental Study of Elevator Loading and Unloading Time During Evacuation in High-Rise Buildings
复制标题
高层建筑疏散时电梯装卸时间试验研究
DOI：
10.1007/s10694-016-0597-z
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Zhang Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding Ning;Chen Tao;Zhang Hui
迄今为止，有各种类型的电梯，例如疏散电梯，在一些国家根据各自的建筑规范在高层建筑疏散中使用。为了提高电梯疏散的有效性，应该更好地了解疏散人员的行为，这样才能更好地利用电梯，考虑到人的行为。然而，由于之前几乎没有记录电梯疏散事件或实验，因此对这一主题的研究很少。本文通过64个实验研究了疏散人员在疏散过程中的行为以及影响其行为的因素。采集了电梯装卸时间、电梯门开合时间等关键数据。我们发现，加载时间（6.0 s）比打开和关闭车门的时间（15.4 s）短得多。根据我们的研究结果，疏散人员的数量会影响疏散人员在使用电梯时的行为，但烟雾不会。此外，排队的形状，如拱形和直线，将影响疏散人员通过电梯门的时间。弓形疏散人群（5.3秒）比线形疏散人群（6.4秒）通过速度快。我们在实验中观察到一些有趣的现象，如推、犹豫、重新进入电梯、楼梯偏好和社会联系。最后，针对上述问题向建筑设计师提出了门面宽度、电梯大堂设计等建议。本实验的基础数据可用于电梯疏散仿真的标定和验证。
To date, there are various types of elevators, such as evacuation elevators, that are being utilized during high-rise building evacuations in several countries, in accordance with their respective building codes. In order to enhance the effectiveness of elevator evacuation, evacuees’ behaviors should be better understood, in this way taking human behavior into consideration will allow for elevators to be better utilized. However, there are few studies on this topic since nearly no elevator evacuation events or experiments have been previously recorded. In this paper, 64 experiments were carried out to study how evacuees behave and what factors influence their behaviors during evacuation. Several key data, such as elevator loading and unloading time, time to open and close elevator doors were collected. We found that loading time (6.0 s) is much shorter than the time to open and close the doors (15.4 s). According to our findings, the number of evacuees influences evacuees’ behaviors when using elevators, but smoke does not. Furthermore, the shapes of queuing, such as arch and line, will influence the duration of time for evacuees going through elevator doors. The evacuees in the arch shape (5.3 s) pass faster than those in the line shape (6.4 s). Several interesting phenomena were observed in our experiments, such as push, hesitation, re-entering the elevator, stair-preference, and social bonding. Finally, several suggestions, such as the width of doors and the design of elevator lobbies, are proposed to building designers on the issues mentioned above. The basic data of our experiments can be used to calibrate and validate elevator evacuation simulations.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Kinsey
通讯作者：
M. Kinsey
DOI：
10.1109/wcica.2014.7053146
发表时间：
2014-06
期刊：
Proceeding of the 11th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ning Ding;Tao Chen;P. Luh;Hui Zhang
通讯作者：
Ning Ding;Tao Chen;P. Luh;Hui Zhang
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Blake
通讯作者：
S. Blake
影响因子：
5
作者：
Lee, D;Park, JH;Kim, H
通讯作者：
Kim, H
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1971
期刊：
The journal of physical chemistry. A
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Fruin
通讯作者：
J. Fruin