An essential role of the arginine vasotocin system in mate-guarding behaviors in triadic relationships of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes).
An essential role of the arginine vasotocin system in mate-guarding behaviors in triadic relationships of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pgen.1005009
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Takeuchi H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yokoi S;Okuyama T;Kamei Y;Naruse K;Taniguchi Y;Ansai S;Kinoshita M;Young LJ;Takemori N;Kubo T;Takeuchi H
为了增加个体的雄性适应性，不同物种的雄性保持在（潜在的）交配伴侣附近并排斥他们的对手（配偶守卫）。配偶保护被认为是由两种不同类型的动机介导的：对异性的性动机和对同性的竞争动机。在三元关系中，配偶的存在如何影响男性竞争动机的遗传/分子机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在这里，我们发现，男性青鳉鱼突出表现出配偶守卫行为。女性的存在强烈地引发了三重关系（2名男性和1名女性）中男性与男性对女性的竞争。雄性与雄性之间的竞争导致一只雄性在雌性附近占据优势地位，同时干扰另一只雄性接近雌性。亲子鉴定显示，在三元关系中，占主导地位的雄性比其他雄性有更高的交配成功率。接下来，我们产生了青鳉的精氨酸-催产素（avt）及其受体（V1 a1，V1 a2）的突变体，并揭示了两个基因，avt和V1 a2，是正常的配偶保护行为所必需的。此外，行为分析的求偶行为在一个二元关系和攻击行为在一个男性群体中显示，avt突变男性表现出降低的性动机，但表现出正常的侵略。与此相反，杂合子V1 a2突变体男性表现出下降的侵略，但正常的配偶保护和求偶行为。因此，在avt和V1 a2纯合子突变体受损的配偶保护可能是由于对异性的性动机的损失，而不是对竞争对手的男性竞争动机的损失。avt，V1 a2杂合子和V1 a2纯合子突变体之间的不同行为表型表明，有冗余的系统来激活V1 a2和内源性配体激活受体可能会根据社会背景而有所不同。包括人类在内的各种物种的雄性会保持在（潜在的）交配伙伴附近，并排斥他们的竞争对手（配偶保护）。配偶保护是由两种不同类型的动机介导的：对异性的性动机和对同性的竞争动机。在这里，我们表明，精氨酸加压素（AVP）的非哺乳动物同源物，精氨酸-催产素（AVT），系统介导的分子机制如何配偶的存在（间性关系）影响男性的竞争动机（内性关系）在配偶监护（三元关系）。我们首先建立了一个新的行为范式，其中青鳉强烈地表现出配偶保护行为，这使我们能够研究配偶保护的遗传/分子机制。行为分析的求爱行为，攻击行为和配偶守卫使用青鳉突变体在这个范例表明，AVT系统参与的过程中，配偶（女性）的存在驱动的男性性动机，这可能有助于配偶守卫在三元关系。我们的研究提供了遗传学证据，AVT/AVP系统调节配偶保护行为，这表明该系统在配偶保护中的作用从硬骨鱼到哺乳动物是进化保守的。
To increase individual male fitness, males of various species remain near a (potential) mating partner and repel their rivals (mate-guarding). Mate-guarding is assumed to be mediated by two different types of motivation: sexual motivation toward the opposite sex and competitive motivation toward the same sex. The genetic/molecular mechanisms underlying how mate presence affects male competitive motivation in a triadic relationship has remained largely unknown. Here we showed that male medaka fish prominently exhibit mate-guarding behavior. The presence of a female robustly triggers male-male competition for the female in a triadic relationship (2 males and 1 female). The male-male competition resulted in one male occupying a dominant position near the female while interfering with the other male's approach of the female. Paternity testing revealed that the dominant male had a significantly higher mating success rate than the other male in a triadic relationship. We next generated medaka mutants of arginine-vasotocin (avt) and its receptors (V1a1, V1a2) and revealed that two genes, avt and V1a2, are required for normal mate-guarding behavior. In addition, behavioral analysis of courtship behaviors in a dyadic relationship and aggressive behaviors within a male group revealed that avt mutant males displayed decreased sexual motivation but showed normal aggression. In contrast, heterozygote V1a2 mutant males displayed decreased aggression, but normal mate-guarding and courtship behavior. Thus, impaired mate-guarding in avt and V1a2 homozygote mutants may be due to the loss of sexual motivation toward the opposite sex, and not to the loss of competitive motivation toward rival males. The different behavioral phenotypes between avt, V1a2 heterozygote, and V1a2 homozygote mutants suggest that there are redundant systems to activate V1a2 and that endogenous ligands activating the receptor may differ according to the social context. Males of various species, including humans, remain near a (potential) mating partner and repel their rival males (mate-guarding). Mate-guarding is mediated by two different types of motivation: sexual motivation toward the opposite sex and competitive motivation toward the same sex. Here we show that the arginine-vasotocin (AVT), a non-mammalian homolog of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), system mediates the molecular mechanisms underlying how mate presence (intersexual relationship) affects male competitive motivation (intrasexual relationship) in mate-guarding (a triadic relationship). We first established a novel behavioral paradigm in which medaka robustly exhibit mate-guarding behavior, that allowed us to study the genetic/molecular mechanisms underlying mate-guarding. Behavioral analysis of courtship behaviors, aggressive behaviors and mate-guarding using medaka mutants in this paradigm suggested that the AVT system is involved in the process in which mate (female) presence drives sexual motivation of males, which may facilitate mate guarding in the triadic relationship. Our study provides genetic evidence that the AVT/AVP system regulates mate-guarding behaviors, suggesting that the role of this system in mate-guarding is evolutionarily conserved from teleosts to mammals.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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