Age differences in encoding specificity.

Age differences in encoding specificity.
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编码特异性的年龄差异。

DOI:
10.1093/geronj/43.6.p145
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发表时间:
1988
期刊:
Journal of gerontology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dudley,WN
Dudley,WN
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Puglisi,JT;Park,DC;Smith,AD;Dudley,WN

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在两个实验中(一个在全神贯注下,另一个在分散注意力下),老年人和年轻人在编码特异性范式中接受了提示性回忆任务。目标和相关线索要么是图片,要么是匹配的单词,目标和线索之间存在强或弱的语义关系。此外,回忆时呈现的线索与编码时呈现的线索要么相同,要么不同,从而产生四种编码线索-检索线索组合:(a)强编码线索和(相同)强检索线索; (b) 弱编码线索和(相同)弱检索线索; (c) 弱编码线索和(不同的)强检索线索; (d) 强编码线索和(不同的)弱检索线索。在大多数情况下,结果显示,两个年龄组的编码特异性都有很强的影响,因为在编码和检索时出现相同的线索时,年老和年轻的参与者比出现不同的线索时回忆得更多。然而,当老年参与者在注意力分散的情况下收到言语提示时,出现了一般编码而不是编码特异性的证据。结果根据编码特异性原则以及更面向过程的解释进行讨论。
In two experiments (one under full attention, the other under divided attention), old and young adults were presented with a cued recall task in an encoding specificity paradigm. Targets and associated cues were either pictures or matched words, and there was either a strong or weak semantic relationship between targets and cues. Additionally, cues presented at recall were either the same as or different from those presented at encoding, resulting in four encoding cue–retrieval cue combinations: (a) strong encoding cue and (same) strong retrieval cue; (b) weak encoding cue and (same) weak retrieval cue; (c) weak encoding cue and (different) strong retrieval cue; (d) strong encoding cue and (different) weak retrieval cue. For the most part, the results revealed strong encoding specificity effects for both age groups, as both old and young participants recalled more when the same cues were presented at encoding and retrieval than when different cues were presented. However, when elderly participants received verbal cues under divided attention conditions, evidence for general encoding rather than encoding specificity occurred. Results are discussed in terms of both the encoding specificity principle as well as a more process-oriented interpretation.
老年人图片识别中的线索利用和编码特异性。
DOI: 10.1093/geronj/42.4.423
发表时间: 1987
期刊: Journal of gerontology
影响因子: --
作者:
Park,DC;Puglisi,JT;Smith,AD;Dudley,WN
通讯作者: Dudley,WN
老年人和年轻人之间的图片关联。
DOI: 10.1080/03610738708259310
发表时间: 1987
影响因子: 1.8
作者:
Puglisi,JT;Park,DC;Smith,AD
通讯作者: Smith,AD
回忆中年龄差异的处理资源帐户。
DOI: 10.1037/h0080643
发表时间: 1982
期刊: Canadian Journal of Psychology\/revue Canadienne De Psychologie
影响因子: --
作者:
J. C. Rabinowitz;F. Craik;B. Ackerman
通讯作者: B. Ackerman
记忆和衰老的新方向
DOI: 10.1093/geronj/36.3.378a
发表时间: 1981
期刊: The Journals of Gerontology
影响因子: --
作者:
L. Warren
通讯作者: L. Warren
老年人的图片记忆:编码和检索时上下文细节的影响。
DOI: 10.1093/geronj/39.2.213
发表时间: 1984
期刊: Journal of gerontology
影响因子: --
作者:
Denise C. Park;J. T. Puglisi;Michelle Sovacool
通讯作者: Michelle Sovacool