Cue utilization and encoding specificity in picture recognition by older adults.

Cue utilization and encoding specificity in picture recognition by older adults.
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老年人图片识别中的线索利用和编码特异性。

DOI:
10.1093/geronj/42.4.423
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发表时间:
1987
期刊:
Journal of gerontology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dudley,WN
Dudley,WN
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Park,DC;Puglisi,JT;Smith,AD;Dudley,WN

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根据编码特异性原理,当编码条件和检索条件相匹配时,记忆效果最好。一些研究人员认为,老年人以一般的方式对信息进行编码,由于处理资源有限,他们对记忆情境的特定上下文方面不太敏感。我们研究了年龄与编码特异性相互作用的假设。年轻人和老年人在有或没有图像线索的情况下学习目标图像,在编码和检索方面存在因素差异。如果老年人对特定线索信息的使用不同于年轻人,那么年龄应该与编码和检索变量相互作用。结果没有提供这种相互作用的证据,并表明两个年龄都表现出编码特异性的证据。为了研究加工资源在编码特异性中的作用,老年人和年轻人在同时执行数字监控任务的同时也研究了这些图片。分散注意操作也不与年龄相互作用,因为年轻人和老年人在控制和分散注意条件下都表现出相当程度的编码特异性效应。
According to the encoding specificity principle, memory is best when encoding and retrieval conditions are compatible. Some researchers have suggested that older adults encode information in a general fashion and are less sensitive to the specific contextual aspects of a memory situation due to limited processing resources. We investigated the hypothesis that age interacts with encoding specificity. Young and old adults studied target pictures in the presence or absence of pictorial cues factorially varied at encoding and retrieval. If the older adults used the specific cuing information differently from the younger adults, age should have interacted with the encoding and retrieval variables. The results provided no evidence for such an interaction and indicated that both ages showed evidence of encoding specificity. To investigate the role of processing resources in encoding specificity, old and young adults also studied the pictures while simultaneously performing a digit-monitoring task. The divided-attention manipulation also did not interact with age, as both young and old adults showed encoding specificity effects of comparable magnitude in both control and divided-attention conditions.
回忆中年龄差异的处理资源帐户。
DOI: 10.1037/h0080643
发表时间: 1982
期刊: Canadian Journal of Psychology\/revue Canadienne De Psychologie
影响因子: --
作者:
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发表时间: 1981
期刊: The Journals of Gerontology
影响因子: --
作者:
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影响因子: --
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发表时间: 1986
影响因子: 3.7
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影响因子: 1.8
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