The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function.
The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41386-021-01132-0
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Robbins TW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman NP;Robbins TW
认知控制（CC）和执行功能（EF）的概念是根据它们与目标导向行为与习惯、控制与自动处理的关系来定义的，并与前额叶皮层（PFC）及其相关区域和网络的功能有关。一个心理测量的方法显示了统一性和多样性的CC结构，在最常研究的结构中有3个组成部分：一般或共同的CC和特定的心理定势转移和工作记忆更新的组件。这些结构被认为是对PFC的细胞和系统神经生物学和什么是已知的功能神经解剖学或网络组织的基础上病变，神经化学和神经影像学方法跨物种。CC也被认为是在动机的背景下，作为“酷”和“热”的形式。它的共同CC组件被证明是不同于一般智力（g）和反应抑制密切相关。CC的损伤被认为是精神症状和疾病后果的可能原因。CC的一般因素的精神病理学（P）和尺寸结构，如冲动性在大规模的发展和成人人群的关系被认为是，以及遗传研究和RDoC方法精神病分类的影响。
Concepts of cognitive control (CC) and executive function (EF) are defined in terms of their relationships with goal-directed behavior versus habits and controlled versus automatic processing, and related to the functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and related regions and networks. A psychometric approach shows unity and diversity in CC constructs, with 3 components in the most commonly studied constructs: general or common CC and components specific to mental set shifting and working memory updating. These constructs are considered against the cellular and systems neurobiology of PFC and what is known of its functional neuroanatomical or network organization based on lesioning, neurochemical, and neuroimaging approaches across species. CC is also considered in the context of motivation, as “cool” and “hot” forms. Its Common CC component is shown to be distinct from general intelligence (g) and closely related to response inhibition. Impairments in CC are considered as possible causes of psychiatric symptoms and consequences of disorders. The relationships of CC with the general factor of psychopathology (p) and dimensional constructs such as impulsivity in large scale developmental and adult populations are considered, as well as implications for genetic studies and RDoC approaches to psychiatric classification.
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