Circular RNAs: A New Piece in the Colorectal Cancer Puzzle.
Circular RNAs: A New Piece in the Colorectal Cancer Puzzle.
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DOI：
10.3390/cancers12092464
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发表时间：
2020-08-31
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Kontos CK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Artemaki PI;Scorilas A;Kontos CK
环状 RNA (circRNA) 是一种相对较新且未经探索的 RNA 类型，在正常和病理状态下与细胞生命的多个方面有关。本综述旨在讨论 circRNA 在结直肠癌 (CRC) 发生、进展和治疗耐药中的作用，以及它们作为 CRC 生物标志物的潜在临床价值。结直肠癌的特点是死亡率升高、高级别肿瘤预后不良、转移潜力高以及对常规治疗产生耐药性。因此，迫切需要鉴定参与结直肠癌发生的新分子。在几项研究 circRNA 参与 CRC 的推动下，在这篇综述中，我们试图总结 CRC 中 circRNA 表达的现有知识及其在结直肠癌发生的细胞途径和分子机制中的含义。最后，我们讨论了 circRNA 研究领域的局限性和未来前景，强调了拼图中缺失的部分以及应该进一步研究的方面。结直肠癌 (CRC) 是全球第三大致命恶性肿瘤。尽管在阐明其分子基础和临床实践中引入的现有 CRC 生物标志物方面取得了进展，但仍需要进行更多研究。环状RNA（circRNA）构成了一种新的RNA类型，由初级转录物反向剪接形成。它们在 20 世纪 70 年代被发现，但被定性为异常剪接的副产品。然而，现代高通量方法揭示了它们的广泛表达；因此，人们对其潜在的生物学作用提出了几个问题。在过去的几年里，在阐明其功能方面取得了巨大进展：circRNA 可以充当 microRNA 海绵、转录调节因子，也可以干扰剪接。此外，它们与包括癌症在内的各种人类病理状态密切相关，并且可以作为多种疾病的诊断和预后生物标志物。特别是在 CRC 中，已观察到 circRNA 的异常表达。更具体地说，这些分子通过调节不同的分子和信号通路来抑制或促进结直肠癌的发生。本综述讨论了 circRNA 的特征和功能，然后分析这些分子在 CRC 中的多方面作用及其作为生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜在价值。
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a relatively new and unexplored RNA type, implicated in several aspects of cell life, in normal and pathological states. This review aims to discuss the roles of circRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation, progression, and therapy resistance, as well as their potential clinical value as CRC biomarkers. CRC is characterized by an elevated mortality rate, poor prognosis of high-grade tumors, high metastatic potential, and resistance to conventional therapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for identification of novel molecules involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. Prompted by several studies examining circRNA involvement in CRC, in this review we seek to summarize the existing knowledge on circRNA expression in CRC and their implication in cellular pathways and molecular mechanisms underlying colorectal carcinogenesis. Lastly, we discuss the limitations and future perspectives highlighting the missing pieces of the puzzle and aspects of the circRNA research field that should be further investigated. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most fatal type of malignancy, worldwide. Despite the advances accomplished in the elucidation of its molecular base and the existing CRC biomarkers introduced in the clinical practice, additional research is required. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) constitute a new RNA type, formed by back-splicing of primary transcripts. They have been discovered during the 1970s but were characterized as by-products of aberrant splicing. However, the modern high-throughput approaches uncovered their widespread expression; therefore, several questions were raised regarding their potential biological roles. During the last years, great progress has been achieved in the elucidation of their functions: circRNAs can act as microRNA sponges, transcription regulators, and interfere with splicing, as well. Furthermore, they are heavily involved in various human pathological states, including cancer, and could serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in several diseases. Particularly in CRC, aberrant expression of circRNAs has been observed. More specifically, these molecules either inhibit or promote colorectal carcinogenesis by regulating different molecules and signaling pathways. The present review discusses the characteristics and functions of circRNA, prior to analyzing the multifaceted role of these molecules in CRC and their potential value as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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影响因子：
7.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
4.2
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4.6
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通讯作者：
Pils D
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Salzman, Julia
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影响因子：
6
作者：
Geng, Yiting;Zheng, Xiao;Jiang, Jingting
通讯作者：
Jiang, Jingting