The neurobiology of social stress resulting from Racism: Implications for pain disparities among racialized minorities.
The neurobiology of social stress resulting from Racism: Implications for pain disparities among racialized minorities.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ynpai.2022.100101
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发表时间：
2022-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Goodin, Burel R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hobson, Joanna M.;Moody, Myles D.;Sorge, Robert E.;Goodin, Burel R.
社会疼痛和身体疼痛的经历之间存在双向关系，这种关系可以通过共享的神经回路（即前岛叶、背侧前扣带皮层、杏仁核等）来解释。种族主义是一种可以被视为威胁的社会结构，从而过度激活压力调节系统并诱发或加剧身体疼痛。少数群体在日常生活以及实验和医疗保健环境中经历种族主义是很常见的。种族主义造成的社会压力可能是疼痛状况中种族差异的一个潜在解释。现有文献认为，人类面临两种类型的威胁：身体威胁和社会威胁。虽然将疼痛描述为“身体的”或“社会的”有助于理解疼痛的根源（即骨折与失去关系），但这种二分法很大程度上是人为的，对于理解人类大脑如何经历疼痛没有特别帮助。现实世界中存在威胁并可能带来巨大压力的社会排斥和拒绝的一个例子是种族主义。种族主义是一种信仰、实践和政策体系，它使种族少数群体处于不利地位，同时为那些拥有历史权力的人，特别是美国和大多数其他西方国家的白人提供优势。本小型评论的目的是提供证据支持种族主义加剧少数族裔身体疼痛，进而加剧慢性疼痛差异的论点。首先，我们提供了一个理论框架，描述种族主义如何成为影响少数族裔健康和福祉的潜在压力源。然后，我们将探讨将种族主义与社会威胁联系起来的神经生物学基础，以及将社会威胁与身体疼痛联系起来的神经生物学基础。最后，我们将讨论种族主义带来的社会威胁的看法如何可能破坏疼痛管理工作。
There is a bi-directional relationship between experiences of social and physical pain, and this relationship may be explained by shared neural circuitry (i.e., anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, etc). Racism is a social construct that can be perceived as threat, thus over activating stress-regulatory systems and inducing or exacerbating physical pain. It is common for minoritized individuals to experience racism in their daily lives, as well as in experimental and healthcare settings. Social stress due to racism may be a potential explanation for racial disparities in pain conditions. Extant literature posits that humans experience two types of threat: physical threat and social threat. While describing pain as “physical” or “social” can be helpful for understanding pain origins (i.e., broken bone versus lost relationship), this dichotomy is largely artificial and not particularly helpful for understanding how the human brain experiences pain. One real world example of social exclusion and rejection that is threatening and likely to bring about significant stress is racism. Racism is a system of beliefs, practices, and policies that operates to disadvantage racialized minorities while providing advantage to those with historical power, particularly White people in the United States and most other Western nations. The objective of this Mini-Review is to present evidence in support of the argument that racism promotes physical pain in racialized minorities, which in turn promotes chronic pain disparities. First, we provide a theoretical framework describing how racism is a potent stressor that affects the health and well-being of racialized minorities. We will then address the neurobiological underpinnings linking racism to social threat, as well as that linking social threats and physical pain. Finally, we will discuss how the perception of social threat brought about by racism may undermine pain management efforts.
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Campbell, CM;Edward, RR;Fillingim, RB
通讯作者：
Fillingim, RB
DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.11.011
发表时间：
2018-04
期刊：
Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1922025117
发表时间：
2020-12-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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通讯作者：
Nelson, Timothy D.
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Bonham, VL
通讯作者：
Bonham, VL
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Edwards, Robert R.
通讯作者：
Edwards, Robert R.