Experiences of Discrimination Are Associated With Greater Resting Amygdala Activity and Functional Connectivity.
Experiences of Discrimination Are Associated With Greater Resting Amygdala Activity and Functional Connectivity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.11.011
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发表时间：
2018-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hegde RR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark US;Miller ER;Hegde RR
社会歧视是一种心理压力源，与较差的身心健康结果有关，但我们对歧视如何影响边缘化人群的神经功能知之甚少。相比之下，心理压力对神经功能的影响已有充分记录，有证据表明对杏仁核（一个对心理社会功能至关重要的神经区域）有显着影响。因此，我们对不同成年人样本中自我报告的歧视暴露与杏仁核活动之间的关系进行了检查。 74 名成年人（43% 为女性；72% 为非裔美国人；23% 为西班牙裔；32% 为同性恋/双性恋）完成了歧视暴露程度的自我报告评级。在静息态功能 MRI 期间评估自发杏仁核活动和功能连接。更大的歧视暴露与更高水平的自发杏仁核活动相关。辨别力的增加还与杏仁核和几个神经区域（例如前岛叶、壳核、尾状核、前扣带回、内侧额回）之间更强的功能连接有关，其中在丘脑中观察到的影响最强烈。这些影响独立于一些人口统计（例如种族、民族、性别）和心理（例如当前压力、抑郁、焦虑）因素。总的来说，我们的研究结果提供了第一个证据，证明社会歧视与内在杏仁核活动和功能连接的升高独立相关，从而揭示了歧视的神经基础和其他来源的心理压力源之间的明显相似之处。这些结果应该会刺激未来对基于杏仁核的网络的研究，作为将歧视暴露与不良身心健康结果联系起来的潜在病因。
Social discrimination, a type of psychological stressor, is associated with poorer physical and mental health outcomes, yet we have little understanding of how discrimination affects neural functions in marginalized populations. By contrast, the effects of psychological stress on neural functions are well documented, with evidence of significant effects on the amygdala – a neural region that is central to psychosocial functions. Accordingly, we conducted an examination of the relation between self-reported discrimination exposure and amygdala activity in a diverse sample of adults. Seventy-four adults (43% female; 72% African American; 23% Hispanic; 32% homosexual/bisexual) completed self-report ratings of discrimination exposure. Spontaneous amygdala activity and functional connectivity were assessed during resting-state functional MRI. Greater discrimination exposure was associated with higher levels of spontaneous amygdala activity. Increases in discrimination were also associated with stronger functional connectivity between the amygdala and several neural regions (e.g., anterior insula, putamen, caudate, anterior cingulate, medial frontal gyrus), with the most robust effects observed in the thalamus. These effects were independent of several demographic (e.g., race, ethnicity, sex) and psychological (e.g., current stress, depression, anxiety) factors. Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence that social discrimination is independently associated with elevations in intrinsic amygdala activity and functional connectivity, thus revealing clear parallels between the neural substrates of discrimination and psychological stressors of other origins. Such results should spur future investigations of amygdala-based networks as potential etiological factors linking discrimination exposure to adverse physical and mental health outcomes.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Clark, Uraina S.;Sweet, Lawrence H.;Morgello, Susan;Philip, Noah S.;Cohen, Ronald A.
通讯作者：
Cohen, Ronald A.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05445.x
发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
YEAR IN COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE 2010
影响因子：
--
作者：
Adolphs, Ralph
通讯作者：
Adolphs, Ralph
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Clark, Trenette T.;Salas-Wright, Christopher P.;Whitfield, Keith E.
通讯作者：
Whitfield, Keith E.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Bostwick, Wendy B.;Boyd, Carol J.;McCabe, Sean Esteban
通讯作者：
McCabe, Sean Esteban
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Bickart KC;Dickerson BC;Barrett LF
通讯作者：
Barrett LF