Unraveling the contributions to the neuromelanin-MRI contrast.
Unraveling the contributions to the neuromelanin-MRI contrast.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00429-020-02153-z
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Ivanov D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Priovoulos N;van Boxel SCJ;Jacobs HIL;Poser BA;Uludag K;Verhey FRJ;Ivanov D
蓝斑（LC）和黑质（SN）是小的脑干核团，随着年龄的增长而变化，可能参与各种神经退行性疾病和精神疾病的发展。磁化转移 (MT) MRI 已被证明有助于 LC 和 SN 可视化，并且观察到的对比度被认为与神经黑色素积累有关。对这些细胞核进行成像可能对各种疾病的进展具有预测价值，但尽管已经提出了几种假设，但对比的精确生物学来源仍不清楚，这一事实阻碍了对先前研究的解释。为了为临床研究提供有关 LC 和 SN 对比的可能生物学解释的信息，我们检查了含有天然棕褐色黑色素和合成半胱氨酸-多巴-黑色素样品的基于琼脂的模型，并将其与体内人类 LC 和 SN 进行了比较。测量了体模、LC 和 SN 的 T1 和 T2* 图、MT 谱和弛豫时间，并拟合了双池 MT 模型。此外，还进行了 Bloch 模拟和瞬态 MT 实验来证实这一发现。总的来说，我们的结果表明，LC 中的神经黑色素-MRI 对比度可能是由较低的大分子分数造成的，从而有利于临床人群结果的解释。我们进一步证明，在老年人中，T1 延长发生在 LC 中。本文的在线版本 (10.1007/s00429-020-02153-z) 包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The Locus Coeruleus (LC) and the Substantia Nigra (SN) are small brainstem nuclei that change with aging and may be involved in the development of various neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Magnetization Transfer (MT) MRI has been shown to facilitate LC and the SN visualization, and the observed contrast is assumed to be related to neuromelanin accumulation. Imaging these nuclei may have predictive value for the progression of various diseases, but interpretation of previous studies is hindered by the fact that the precise biological source of the contrast remains unclear, though several hypotheses have been put forward. To inform clinical studies on the possible biological interpretation of the LC- and SN contrast, we examined an agar-based phantom containing samples of natural Sepia melanin and synthetic Cys-Dopa-Melanin and compared this to the in vivo human LC and SN. T1 and T2* maps, MT spectra and relaxation times of the phantom, the LC and the SN were measured, and a two-pool MT model was fitted. Additionally, Bloch simulations and a transient MT experiment were conducted to confirm the findings. Overall, our results indicate that Neuromelanin-MRI contrast in the LC likely results from a lower macromolecular fraction, thus facilitating interpretation of results in clinical populations. We further demonstrate that in older individuals T1 lengthening occurs in the LC. The online version of this article (10.1007/s00429-020-02153-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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