Sperm-associated antigen 11A is expressed exclusively in the principal cells of the mouse caput epididymis in an androgen-dependent manner.
Sperm-associated antigen 11A is expressed exclusively in the principal cells of the mouse caput epididymis in an androgen-dependent manner.
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DOI：
10.1186/1477-7827-11-59
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Soeharso P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pujianto DA;Loanda E;Sari P;Midoen YH;Soeharso P
附睾精子成熟是通过精子与附睾上皮分泌的蛋白质之间的相互作用而发生的。虽然这是一个重要的过程，但编码相关蛋白质的基因在很大程度上仍然没有特征。以往的研究表明，精子成熟过程中涉及的基因受到雄激素的调控。Spag 11 a是一个受雄激素影响的附睾基因。然而，很少有人知道这个基因在精子成熟过程中的假定作用。本研究的目的是表征小鼠附睾中的Spag 11 a。进行计算机模拟分析以预测信号肽和功能结构域。Spag 11 a表达通过定量实时RT-PCR测量。蛋白质印迹和免疫细胞化学进行，以确定蛋白质表达。SPAG 11 A是β防御素蛋白家族的成员，并且构成分泌蛋白。Spag 11 a仅在附睾中表达。此外，它在头部表现出区域特异性表达，这对于参与为精子成熟创造合适微环境的基因是典型的。小鼠Spag 11 a受雄激素调节。Spag 11 a表达在性腺切除后第3天显著降低（P < 0.001）。有趣的是，睾酮替代疗法能够维持表达几乎在正常水平，表明对雄激素的依赖。除了雄激素，睾丸因素影响Spag 11 a的表达以不同的方式。这是通过输出管结扎揭示的，其中Spag 11 a在结扎后第三天瞬时上调，然后在第5天恢复到正常水平。Spag 11 a区域表达也观察到在蛋白质水平检测的蛋白质免疫印迹，揭示了一个明确的带在头部，但不是在其他地区。SPAG 11 A是一种分泌性蛋白的预测得到证实，免疫细胞化学分析表明，细胞特异性表达，主要在头主细胞和检测的蛋白质在附睾腔液和精子。根据Spag 11 a的特征，该基因很可能在附睾精子成熟中发挥特定作用。进一步的研究，使用功能测定是必要的，以确认这一发现。
Epididymal sperm maturation occurs via interactions between sperm and proteins secreted by the epididymal epithelium. Although this is an important process, the genes that encode the involved proteins remain largely uncharacterized. Previous studies have demonstrated that the genes involved in sperm maturation are regulated by androgen. Spag11a is an epididymal gene that is influenced by androgen. However, little is known about the putative role of this gene in the sperm maturation process. The objective of this study was to characterize Spag11a in the mouse epididymis. In silico analyses were performed to predict signal peptides and functional domains. Spag11a expression was measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Western blots and immunocytochemistry were performed to determine protein expression. SPAG11A is a member of the beta defensin protein family and constitutes a secretory protein. Spag11a was expressed exclusively in the epididymis. Moreover, it exhibited region-specific expression in the caput, which is typical for genes that are involved in creating a suitable microenvironment for sperm maturation. Mouse Spag11a was regulated by androgen. A significant decrease of Spag11a expression was observed at third day following a gonadectomy (P < 0.001). Interestingly, testosterone replacement therapy was able to maintain the expression almost at the normal level, indicating a dependency on androgen. Besides androgen, testicular factors influenced Spag11a expression in a different way. This was revealed by efferent duct ligation in which Spag11a was transiently up-regulated at the third day following the ligation before returning to the normal level at day 5. Spag11a regional expression was also observed at protein level detected by western immunoblotting which revealed a clear band in the caput but not in other regions. The prediction that SPAG11A is a secretory protein was confirmed by immunocytochemical analyses indicating cell-specific expression mainly in the caput principal cells and detection of the protein in epididymal luminal fluid and spermatozoa. Based on the characteristics of Spag11a, it is likely that this gene has a specific role in epididymal sperm maturation. Further studies using functional assays are necessary to confirm this finding.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Cornwall, GA;Hsia, N
通讯作者：
Hsia, N
影响因子：
--
作者：
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作者：
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