Ry(chc) Confers Extreme Resistance to Potato virus Y in Potato.
Ry(chc) Confers Extreme Resistance to Potato virus Y in Potato.
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Rychc 赋予马铃薯对马铃薯 Y 病毒的极度抵抗力
作者：
马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）是全球马铃薯产业的巨大经济损失，是全球第五大植物病毒。控制病毒的主要策略是限制蚜虫媒介、生产脱毒种薯和培育抗病毒品种。从成本和环境保护的角度来看，抗PVY品种的选育是最安全有效的方法。Rychc基因是一个对PVY具有极强抗性的基因，来自S. chacoense，其是广泛用于许多PVY抗性育种项目的野生二倍体马铃薯物种。本研究对Rychc基因进行了精细定位，并成功克隆了该基因。chacoense登录40-3.我们通过稳定转化二倍体感病品种AC 142和四倍体马铃薯品种E3证明了Rychc编码TIR-NLR蛋白。Rychc在这两种基因型中都赋予了对PVYO、PVYN：O和PVYNTN的极端抗性。为了研究Rychc基因座进化过程中发生的遗传事件，我们对来自13个S. chacoense基因型。根据序列同源性的模式，160 Rychc同源物分为11个家庭。在家庭11，包括Rychc，我们发现了I型进化模式的证据，频繁的序列交换，模糊的直系亲属关系和高非同义取代（Ka/Ks），这是一致的快速多样化和积极的选择，以应对快速变化的PVY基因组。此外，本研究开发了一个名为MG 64 -17的功能标记，其指示表型的准确率为100%，因此，可用于使用S. chacoense作为育种资源。
The Potato virus Y (PVY) is responsible for huge economic losses for the potato industry worldwide and is the fifth most consequential plant virus globally. The main strategies for virus control are to limit aphid vectors, produce virus-free seed potatoes, and breed virus-resistant varieties. The breeding of PVY-resistant varieties is the safest and most effective method in terms of cost and environmental protection. Rychc, a gene that confers extreme resistance to PVY, is from S. chacoense, which is a wild diploid potato species that is widely used in many PVY-resistant breeding projects. In this study, Rychc was fine mapped and successfully cloned from S. chacoense accession 40-3. We demonstrated that Rychc encodes a TIR-NLR protein by stably transforming a diploid susceptible cultivar named AC142 and a tetraploid potato variety named E3. The Rychc conferred extreme resistance to PVYO, PVYN:O and PVYNTN in both of the genotypes. To investigate the genetic events occurring during the evolution of the Rychc locus, we sequenced 160 Rychc homologs from 13 S. chacoense genotypes. Based on the pattern of sequence identities, 160 Rychc homologs were divided into 11 families. In Family 11 including Rychc, we found evidence for Type I evolutionary patterns with frequent sequence exchanges, obscured orthologous relationships and high non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions (Ka/Ks), which is consistent with rapid diversification and positive selection in response to rapid changes in the PVY genomes. Furthermore, a functional marker named MG64-17 was developed in this study that indicates the phenotype with 100% accuracy and, therefore, can be used for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs that use S. chacoense as a breeding resource.
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