The Effects of Captivity on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome.
The Effects of Captivity on the Mammalian Gut Microbiome.
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DOI：
10.1093/icb/icx090
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Knight R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McKenzie VJ;Song SJ;Delsuc F;Prest TL;Oliverio AM;Korpita TM;Alexiev A;Amato KR;Metcalf JL;Kowalewski M;Avenant NL;Link A;Di Fiore A;Seguin-Orlando A;Feh C;Orlando L;Mendelson JR;Sanders J;Knight R
最近的研究越来越多地注意到圈养或建筑环境对人类和其他动物微生物组的影响。由于共生微生物对生物学的许多方面都是必不可少的（例如，消化和免疫功能），重要的是要了解生活方式的差异如何影响微生物组，从而影响宿主的健康。圈养动物会经历一系列可能影响肠道细菌的变化，例如饮食变化，治疗以及减少与其他个体，物种和可变环境基质的接触，这些基质是细菌多样性的来源。到目前为止，先前研究的初步结果表明圈养动物中细菌多样性减少的模式。然而，这些研究在所研究的物种范围上相对有限。在这里，我们提出了一个数据集，其中包括配对野生和圈养样本的哺乳动物类群在六个订单调查的一般模式圈养对哺乳动物肠道细菌的影响。在比较野生圈养条件下，我们的研究结果表明，α多样性的肠道细菌保持一致，在一些哺乳动物的主机（牛科动物，长颈鹿，食蚁兽，和土豚），下降的圈养条件下，在一些主机（犬科动物，灵长类动物和马科动物），并增加圈养条件下的一个主机分类群（犀牛）。肠道细菌β多样性之间的圈养和野生状态的差异，观察到大多数的类群调查，除了偶数趾有蹄类动物（牛科动物和长颈鹿）。此外，β多样性变化也受到宿主分类群，饮食类型和肠道发酵生理的强烈影响。在圈养和野生状态之间表现出较大相对丰度变化的细菌类群包括厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的成员。总的来说，我们观察到的模式将为一系列学科提供信息，从兽医实践到生物保护的圈养繁殖工作。此外，细菌类群，坚持在圈养状态提供了独特的洞察与主机的共生关系。
Recent studies increasingly note the effect of captivity or the built environment on the microbiome of humans and other animals. As symbiotic microbes are essential to many aspects of biology (e.g., digestive and immune functions), it is important to understand how lifestyle differences can impact the microbiome, and, consequently, the health of hosts. Animals living in captivity experience a range of changes that may influence the gut bacteria, such as diet changes, treatments, and reduced contact with other individuals, species and variable environmental substrates that act as sources of bacterial diversity. Thus far, initial results from previous studies point to a pattern of decreased bacterial diversity in captive animals. However, these studies are relatively limited in the scope of species that have been examined. Here we present a dataset that includes paired wild and captive samples from mammalian taxa across six Orders to investigate generalizable patterns of the effects captivity on mammalian gut bacteria. In comparing the wild to the captive condition, our results indicate that alpha diversity of the gut bacteria remains consistent in some mammalian hosts (bovids, giraffes, anteaters, and aardvarks), declines in the captive condition in some hosts (canids, primates, and equids), and increases in the captive condition in one host taxon (rhinoceros). Differences in gut bacterial beta diversity between the captive and wild state were observed for most of the taxa surveyed, except the even-toed ungulates (bovids and giraffes). Additionally, beta diversity variation was also strongly influenced by host taxonomic group, diet type, and gut fermentation physiology. Bacterial taxa that demonstrated larger shifts in relative abundance between the captive and wild states included members of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Overall, the patterns that we observe will inform a range of disciplines from veterinary practice to captive breeding efforts for biological conservation. Furthermore, bacterial taxa that persist in the captive state provide unique insight into symbiotic relationships with the host.
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影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Fischbach MA;Segre JA
通讯作者：
Segre JA
DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2012.8
发表时间：
2012-08
期刊：
The ISME journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
世界灵长类动物即将面临的灭绝危机：为什么灵长类动物很重要。
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Estrada A;Garber PA;Rylands AB;Roos C;Fernandez-Duque E;Di Fiore A;Nekaris KA;Nijman V;Heymann EW;Lambert JE;Rovero F;Barelli C;Setchell JM;Gillespie TR;Mittermeier RA;Arregoitia LV;de Guinea M;Gouveia S;Dobrovolski R;Shanee S;Shanee N;Boyle SA;Fuentes A;MacKinnon KC;Amato KR;Meyer AL;Wich S;Sussman RW;Pan R;Kone I;Li B
通讯作者：
Li B
DOI：
10.1126/science.1198719
发表时间：
2011-05-20
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Muegge BD;Kuczynski J;Knights D;Clemente JC;González A;Fontana L;Henrissat B;Knight R;Gordon JI
通讯作者：
Gordon JI
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Kohl, Kevin D.;Dearing, M. Denise
通讯作者：
Dearing, M. Denise