The role of cell-envelope synthesis for envelope growth and cytoplasmic density in Bacillus subtilis.

The role of cell-envelope synthesis for envelope growth and cytoplasmic density in Bacillus subtilis.
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DOI:
10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac134
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发表时间:
2022-09
期刊:
PNAS NEXUS
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
van Teeffelen, Sven
van Teeffelen, Sven
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kitahara, Yuki;Oldewurtel, Enno R.;Wilson, Sean;Sun, Yingjie;Altabe, Silvia;de Mendoza, Diego;Garner, Ethan C.;van Teeffelen, Sven

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所有的细胞都必须增加它们的体积来响应生物量的增长,以保持细胞内的质量密度在生理允许的范围内。在这里,我们研究了革兰氏阳性杆菌枯草芽孢杆菌的体积生长调节。为了增加体积,细菌通过酶的作用扩大它们的细胞包膜,并插入新的包膜材料。首先,我们证明了细胞体积的增长是间接决定的,通过扩大包膜与质量增长成比例,类似于革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌,尽管它们的包膜结构根本不同。接下来,我们研究了哪些途径可能负责强大的表面-质量偶联:我们发现肽聚糖合成和膜合成都是适当的表面-质量偶联所必需的。然而,令人惊讶的是,与广泛传播的观点相反,这两种途径都不是完全限速的,因为在任何一种过程完全抑制的情况下,包膜仍以较低的速度生长。为了完全阻止细胞包膜的生长,需要同时抑制两个包膜合成过程。因此,我们认为多种包膜合成途径共同赋予了体积调节、表面生长和生物量生长之间的协调的重要方面。
All cells must increase their volumes in response to biomass growth to maintain intracellular mass density within physiologically permissive bounds. Here, we investigate the regulation of volume growth in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. To increase volume, bacteria enzymatically expand their cell envelopes and insert new envelope material. First, we demonstrate that cell-volume growth is determined indirectly, by expanding their envelopes in proportion to mass growth, similarly to the Gram-negative Escherichia coli, despite their fundamentally different envelope structures. Next, we studied, which pathways might be responsible for robust surface-to-mass coupling: We found that both peptidoglycan synthesis and membrane synthesis are required for proper surface-to-mass coupling. However, surprisingly, neither pathway is solely rate-limiting, contrary to wide-spread belief, since envelope growth continues at a reduced rate upon complete inhibition of either process. To arrest cell-envelope growth completely, the simultaneous inhibition of both envelope-synthesis processes is required. Thus, we suggest that multiple envelope-synthesis pathways collectively confer an important aspect of volume regulation, the coordination between surface growth, and biomass growth.
DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12335
发表时间: 2013-09
影响因子: 3.6
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