Differentiated roles for MreB-actin isologues and autolytic enzymes in Bacillus subtilis morphogenesis.
Differentiated roles for MreB-actin isologues and autolytic enzymes in Bacillus subtilis morphogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1111/mmi.12335
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发表时间：
2013-09
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Errington J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Domínguez-Cuevas P;Porcelli I;Daniel RA;Errington J
大多数细菌的细胞形态发生受肽聚糖细胞壁层的时空生长调控。人们对肽聚糖的合成了解很多，但对水解酶对其周转的调节却知之甚少。枯草芽孢杆菌有大量这样的酶。两种最具特征的酶是CwlO和LytE：缺乏这两种酶的细胞在细胞伸长方面具有致命的障碍。在这里，我们发现CwlO的活性受到ABC转运蛋白FtsEX的调节，这是细胞伸长所必需的，不像大肠杆菌中的细胞分裂。肌动蛋白样MreB蛋白被认为在协调细胞壁形态发生中起关键作用。枯草芽孢杆菌具有三个部分分化功能的MreB同源物。我们现在表明，三种MreB同源物在调节CwlO和LytE系统中具有不同的作用，并且自溶素控制细胞形态发生的不同方面。这些结果为细菌中由MreB同源物控制的功能列表增加了主要的自溶活性，并为必需细胞壁自溶素的不同特化功能提供了新的见解。
Cell morphogenesis in most bacteria is governed by spatiotemporal growth regulation of the peptidoglycan cell wall layer. Much is known about peptidoglycan synthesis but regulation of its turnover by hydrolytic enzymes is much less well understood. Bacillus subtilis has a multitude of such enzymes. Two of the best characterized are CwlO and LytE: cells lacking both enzymes have a lethal block in cell elongation. Here we show that activity of CwlO is regulated by an ABC transporter, FtsEX, which is required for cell elongation, unlike cell division as in Escherichia coli. Actin-like MreB proteins are thought to play a key role in orchestrating cell wall morphogenesis. B. subtilis has three MreB isologues with partially differentiated functions. We now show that the three MreB isologues have differential roles in regulation of the CwlO and LytE systems and that autolysins control different aspects of cell morphogenesis. The results add major autolytic activities to the growing list of functions controlled by MreB isologues in bacteria and provide new insights into the different specialized functions of essential cell wall autolysins.
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