Cancer, physical activity, and exercise.
Cancer, physical activity, and exercise.
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DOI：
10.1002/cphy.c120005
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发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Schmitz KH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown JC;Winters-Stone K;Lee A;Schmitz KH
这篇综述探讨了癌症连续体中体力活动与癌症之间的关系，并综合了迄今为止进行的系统和荟萃分析综述。大量流行病学证据表明，与从事较低水平体力活动的人相比，参加较高水平体力活动的人患各种癌症的可能性较低。尽管有这些观察证据，参与体育活动与降低癌症风险之间的因果关系仍不清楚。体力活动也是改善癌症治疗过程中所经历的有害后遗症的有用辅助手段。这些有害的后遗症可能包括疲劳、肌肉无力、功能能力下降等。癌症治疗期间进行体力活动的好处与治疗后所经历的好处类似。尽管越来越多的文献在整个癌症连续体中研究身体活动和癌症，但仍存在许多研究空白。几乎没有证据表明所有癌症幸存者进行体力活动的安全性，因为大多数试验都有选择性地招募参与者。目前还不清楚癌症治疗期间和治疗后对于主要癌症预防或症状控制而言最佳所需的具体运动剂量。
This review examines the relationship between physical activity and cancer along the cancer continuum, and serves as a synthesis of systematic and meta-analytic reviews conducted to date. There exists a large body of epidemiologic evidence that conclude those who participate in higher levels of physical activity have a reduced likelihood of developing a variety of cancers compared to those who engage in lower levels of physical activity. Despite this observational evidence, the causal pathway underling the association between participation in physical activity and cancer risk reduction remains unclear. Physical activity is also a useful adjunct to improve the deleterious sequelae experienced during cancer treatment. These deleterious sequelae may include fatigue, muscular weakness, deteriorated functional capacity, including many others. The benefits of physical activity during cancer treatment are similar to those experienced after treatment. Despite the growing volume of literature examining physical activity and cancer across the cancer continuum, a number of research gaps exist. There is little evidence on the safety of physical activity among all cancer survivors, as most trials have selectively recruited participants. It is also unclear the specific dose of exercise needed that is optimal for primary cancer prevention or symptom control during and after cancer treatment.
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