Microtrial methods for translating gene-environment dynamics into preventive interventions.

Microtrial methods for translating gene-environment dynamics into preventive interventions.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11121-010-0177-2
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发表时间:
2010-12
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Brody, Gene H.
Brody, Gene H.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Howe, George W.;Beach, Steven R. H.;Brody, Gene H.

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对行为结果的遗传学研究为指导提高预防干预措施的功效和有效性的努力提供了巨大的希望,但鉴于基因与环境之间动态相互作用的复杂性,它也带来了相当大的挑战。本文介绍了一种相对不常见的研究设计,称为微型试验,提供了一种将基础研究成果转化为预防试验的方法,特别是通过将遗传效应引入预防模型。微型试验是一种随机化实验,旨在测试相对简短和集中的环境操作的效果,这些操作旨在抑制特定的风险机制或增强特定的保护机制,但不会在远端结果中带来全面的治疗或预防效果。微试验方法进行了详细描述,与讨论其独特的优势,将这一知识基础转化为预防研究。最后,我们提出了几个问题时,考虑构建遗传敏感的微型试验。
Genetically informed research on behavioral outcomes holds substantial promise for guiding efforts to enhance the efficacy and effectiveness of preventive interventions, but it also poses considerable challenges given the complexities of the dynamic interplay between genes and environment. This paper introduces a relatively uncommon research design, called microtrials, to provide a means of translating basic research findings into prevention trials, particularly through introducing genetic effects into prevention models. Microtrials are defined as randomized experiments testing the effects of relatively brief and focused environmental manipulations designed to suppress specific risk mechanisms or enhance specific protective mechanisms, but not to bring about full treatment or prevention effects in distal outcomes. Microtrial methods are described in detail, with discussion of their unique advantages for translating this knowledge base into prevention research. We end by raising several issues to consider when constructing genetically sensitive microtrials.
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