Looking under the hood of the dot-probe task: an fMRI study in anxious youth.
Looking under the hood of the dot-probe task: an fMRI study in anxious youth.
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DOI：
10.1002/da.22255
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Ryan, Neal D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Price, Rebecca B.;Siegle, Greg J.;Silk, Jennifer S.;Ladouceur, Cecile D.;McFarland, Ashley;Dahl, Ronald E.;Ryan, Neal D.
焦虑的年轻人在点探测任务中表现出了行为表现的改变，但该任务引发的神经激活模式仍然知之甚少。特别是，威胁脱离的神经机制，一个与临床相关的概念，还没有得到充分的研究。在获得功能磁共振成像的过程中，121名年轻人(9-13岁；90名患有广泛性焦虑障碍、分离性焦虑障碍和/或社交恐惧症的人；31名非焦虑对照)完成了一项点探测任务，这项任务要求参与者识别出一对包含两张脸的中性或恐惧面孔中一个取代中性或恐惧面孔的点的位置。我们通过比较一致试验(用圆点代替恐惧的脸)和不一致的试验(用圆点代替中性的脸)来评估威胁脱离的神经基础。在受试者中，在不一致的试验中，特别观察到旋转背侧前扣带回皮质(RdACC)活性降低。不焦虑的青少年在双侧海马旁和海马区表现出汇聚的模式，而焦虑的青少年在这些边缘区域表现出相反的模式，这表明与威胁评估相关的皮质和边缘区域的反应整合较少。RdACC和左侧副海马区/海马区之间的功能连接减少与更大的焦虑有关。在迄今为止最大的点探针fMRI样本中，焦虑和非焦虑的年轻人都显示出与rdACC中威胁反应性的成功脱离一致的神经模式。然而，焦虑的年轻人在将注意力从威胁转移开时，显示出双侧海马旁/海马簇异常脱离的证据。针对威胁脱离的神经机制的早期干预可能是有益的，例如，通过增加rdACC和边缘区域的整合。
Anxious youth have shown altered behavioral performance on the dot-probe task, but neural activation patterns provoked by the task remain poorly understood. In particular, neural mechanisms of threat disengagement, a clinically relevant construct, have been inadequately explored. During fMRI acquisition, 121 youth (ages 9–13; 90 with Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Separation Anxiety Disorder, and/or Social Phobia; 31 nonanxious controls) completed a dot-probe task, which required participants to identify the location of a dot replacing either a neutral or fearful face in a pair containing both faces. We assessed neural substrates of threat disengagement by comparing congruent trials (in which the dot replaces the fearful face) to incongruent trials (in which the dot replaces the neutral face). Across subjects, decreased rostrodorsal anterior cingulate cortex (rdACC) activity was observed specifically during incongruent trials. Nonanxious youth showed a convergent pattern in bilateral parahippocampal and hippocampal regions, whereas anxious youth showed an opposing pattern in these limbic areas, suggesting less integration of response across cortical and limbic areas relevant to threat appraisal. Reduced functional connectivity between rdACC and left parahippocampus/hippocampus was associated with greater anxiety. In the largest dot-probe fMRI sample to date, both anxious and nonanxious youth showed a neural pattern consistent with successful disengagement of threat reactivity in the rdACC. However, anxious youth showed evidence of abnormal disengagement in bilateral parahippocampal/hippocampal clusters when attention was directed away from threat. Early interventions targeting neural mechanisms of threat disengagement may be beneficial, for example, by increasing integration across rdACC and limbic regions.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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