Size, sounds and sex: interactions between body size and harmonic convergence signals determine mating success in Aedes aegypti.
Size, sounds and sex: interactions between body size and harmonic convergence signals determine mating success in Aedes aegypti.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-016-1914-6
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Zanti Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cator LJ;Zanti Z
一些新的蚊子控制策略将包括释放实验室饲养的雄性蚊子，这些雄性蚊子将需要与野生雄性蚊子竞争配偶。目前，雄性交配成功的决定因素仍不清楚。研究发现，在交配过程中，雄性和雌性谐波飞行音调频率的趋同可以提高黄热病蚊子埃及伊蚊的雄性交配成功率。体型也被认为是男性交配成功的一个因素。在这里，我们研究了体型、谐波收敛信号和交配成功之间的关系。我们预测，和谐收敛将是交配成功的一个重要决定因素，而大型个体更有可能收敛。我们使用饮食来控制雄性和雌性的体型，然后测量不同体型对交配时的声音相互作用。此外，我们使用回放实验来测量大小对信号性能的直接影响。在活的对相互作用中，谐波收敛被发现是联结形成的一个重要预测因子。然而，我们也发现了调和收敛行为与体型之间的相互作用。一只雄性成功交配的概率取决于它的体型，遇到的雌性的体型，以及它们是否会聚在一起。虽然趋同似乎可以预测交配成功，但无论大小如何，趋同的积极影响都受到大小组合的调节。在回放中，成人的体型大小不影响谐波收敛反应的概率。体型和谐波收敛信号都被发现是雄性交配成功的决定因素。我们的研究结果表明，除了测量大量释放线的收敛能力外，可能还需要调整释放雄性的大小分布，以补充雌性的大小分布。我们还发现，单靠饮食量不能提高雄性交配成功率或收敛概率。更清楚地了解趋同行为、趋同行为与交配成功的关系以及影响趋同能力的因素，将为提高实验室养系的交配性能提供基础。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1914-6）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Several new mosquito control strategies will involve the release of laboratory reared males which will be required to compete with wild males for mates. Currently, the determinants of male mating success remain unclear. The presence of convergence between male and female harmonic flight tone frequencies during a mating attempt have been found to increase male mating success in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Size has also been implicated as a factor in male mating success. Here, we investigated the relationships among body size, harmonic convergence signalling, and mating success. We predicted that harmonic convergence would be an important determinant of mating success and that large individuals would be more likely to converge. We used diet to manipulate male and female body size and then measured acoustic interactions during mating attempts between pairs of different body sizes. Additionally, we used playback experiments to measure the direct effect of size on signalling performance. In live pair interactions, harmonic convergence was found to be a significant predictor of copula formation. However, we also found interactions between harmonic convergence behaviour and body size. The probability that a given male successfully formed a copula was a consequence of his size, the size of the female encountered, and whether or not they converged. While convergence appears to be predictive of mating success regardless of size, the positive effect of convergence was modulated by size combinations. In playbacks, adult body size did not affect the probability of harmonic convergence responses. Both body size and harmonic convergence signalling were found to be determinants of male mating success. Our results suggest that in addition to measuring convergence ability of mass release lines that the size distribution of released males may need to be adjusted to complement the size distribution of females. We also found that diet amount alone cannot be used to increase male mating success or convergence probability. A clearer understanding of convergence behaviours, their relationship to mating success, and factors influencing convergence ability would provide the groundwork for improving the mating performance of laboratory reared lines. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1914-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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