The role of experiments in understanding fishery-induced evolution.
The role of experiments in understanding fishery-induced evolution.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-4571.2009.00079.x
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发表时间：
2009-08
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Baumann H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conover DO;Baumann H
从各种调查途径中迅速积累了渔业诱导进化的证据。在这里，我们回顾了从实验方法中获得的知识。实验的优势在于它们能够将遗传差异与环境差异区分开来。常见的园艺实验提供了野外适应性分化的直接证据，因此提供了影响许多物种生产的各种特征的进化性证据。这些病例中的大多数涉及生理、生活史和行为特征的逆梯度变异。选择实验提供了生活史快速进化的例子，更重要的是，渔业诱导的选择压力导致了包括生理、行为、生殖和其他生活史特征在内的一系列遗传和表型相关性状的同时分化。实验的缺点是从小而简单的环境到更大和更复杂的系统的放大过程中的不确定性；担心用于实验研究的短生命周期的分类群与已收获物种的分类群不同；以及由于捕鱼而难以充分模拟选择。尽管有这些局限性，但实验在经验和理论层面上都对我们理解渔业诱导的进化做出了很大贡献。未来的进展将取决于将实验知识与建模、实地研究和分子遗传学方法的知识相结合。
Evidence of fishery-induced evolution has been accumulating rapidly from various avenues of investigation. Here we review the knowledge gained from experimental approaches. The strength of experiments is in their ability to disentangle genetic from environmental differences. Common garden experiments have provided direct evidence of adaptive divergence in the wild and therefore the evolvability of various traits that influence production in numerous species. Most of these cases involve countergradient variation in physiological, life history, and behavioral traits. Selection experiments have provided examples of rapid life history evolution and, more importantly, that fishery-induced selection pressures cause simultaneous divergence of not one but a cluster of genetically and phenotypically correlated traits that include physiology, behavior, reproduction, and other life history characters. The drawbacks of experiments are uncertainties in the scale-up from small, simple environments to larger and more complex systems; the concern that taxons with short life cycles used for experimental research are atypical of those of harvested species; and the difficulty of adequately simulating selection due to fishing. Despite these limitations, experiments have contributed greatly to our understanding of fishery-induced evolution on both empirical and theoretical levels. Future advances will depend on integrating knowledge from experiments with those from modeling, field studies, and molecular genetic approaches.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2004.2899
发表时间：
2005-02-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Arendt, JD;Reznick, DN
通讯作者：
Reznick, DN
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Carlson, Stephanie M.;Edeline, Eric;Stenseth, Nils Chr
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Coltman, DW;O'Donoghue, P;Festa-Bianchet, M
通讯作者：
Festa-Bianchet, M
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
CONOVER, DO;PRESENT, TMC
通讯作者：
PRESENT, TMC
影响因子：
2
作者：
Conover, D. O.;Clarke, L. M.;Wagner, G. N.
通讯作者：
Wagner, G. N.