The stereotype-matching effect: greater influence on functioning when age stereotypes correspond to outcomes.

The stereotype-matching effect: greater influence on functioning when age stereotypes correspond to outcomes.
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DOI:
10.1037/a0014563
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发表时间:
2009-03
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Leffheit-Limson, Erica
Leffheit-Limson, Erica
中科院分区:
心理学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Levy, Becca R.;Leffheit-Limson, Erica

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老年人同化了积极和消极的年龄陈规定型观念,并成为他们的目标。当刻板印象内容对应于结果域时,刻板印象效价的影响是否更大,这一点尚不清楚。我们将老年人随机分配到积极认知、消极认知、积极身体或消极身体潜意识年龄刻板印象组,并评估认知和身体结果。正如预测的那样,当年龄刻板印象与结果领域相对应时,其效价对认知和身体表现的影响要大得多。这表明,如果发生匹配,更有可能产生预期,成为自我实现的预言。
Older individuals assimilate, and are targeted by, contradictory positive and negative age stereotypes. It was unknown whether the influence of stereotype valence is stronger when the stereotype content corresponds to the outcome domain. We randomly assigned older individuals to either positive-cognitive, negative-cognitive, positive-physical, or negative-physical subliminal-age-stereotype groups and assessed cognitive and physical outcomes. As predicted, when the age stereotypes corresponded to the outcome domains, their valence had a significantly greater impact on cognitive and physical performance. This suggests that if a match occurs, it is more likely to generate expectations that become self-fulfilling prophecies.
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