Spatio-temporal extension in site of origin for cortical calretinin neurons in primates.

Spatio-temporal extension in site of origin for cortical calretinin neurons in primates.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnana.2014.00050
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Petanjek Z
Petanjek Z
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hladnik A;Džaja D;Darmopil S;Jovanov-Milošević N;Petanjek Z

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绝大多数皮质GABA能神经元可通过小清蛋白、生长抑素或钙视蛋白表达来定义。在大多数人中,小清蛋白和生长抑素中间神经元具有恒定的比例,各自占总神经元数量的5-7%。相比之下,钙视网膜蛋白中间神经元的比例增加了三倍,在啮齿动物中不超过4%,在灵长类动物大脑皮层的高阶区域达到12%。在啮齿类动物中,几乎所有的小白蛋白和生长抑素中间神经元起源于内侧部分的下苍白球增殖结构,神经节隆起(GE),而几乎所有的calretinin中间神经元起源于其尾部。起源于GE的皮质GABA能神经元的空间模式在猴和人脑中保留。然而,可以预期的是,进化正在改变发育规则,以使钙视网膜蛋白中间神经元群体能够显著扩展。在灵长类动物的早期胎儿期,皮质GABA能神经元几乎完全产生于软腭下,与啮齿类动物一样。在那个时候,灵长类动物的尾神经节隆起(CGE)的大小和生产的calretinin中间神经元显示出相对增加。在妊娠中期,这是灵长类动物的主要神经发生阶段,在啮齿类动物中没有发现明确的相关性,观察到皮层GABA能神经元的苍白球产生以及GE的延长持久性。我们认为,CGE可能是后皮层和外侧皮层区域的calretinin中间神经元的主要来源,但不是额叶皮层。联合颗粒额叶皮质约占皮质表面的三分之一,并包含几乎一半的皮质钙网膜中间神经元。大多数的calretinin interneurons注定为额叶皮质中产生的palalcium,特别是在新进化的外室下区,成为主要池的皮质祖细胞。
The vast majority of cortical GABAergic neurons can be defined by parvalbumin, somatostatin or calretinin expression. In most mammalians, parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons have constant proportions, each representing 5–7% of the total neuron number. In contrast, there is a threefold increase in the proportion of calretinin interneurons, which do not exceed 4% in rodents and reach 12% in higher order areas of primate cerebral cortex. In rodents, almost all parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons originate from the medial part of the subpallial proliferative structure, the ganglionic eminence (GE), while almost all calretinin interneurons originate from its caudal part. The spatial pattern of cortical GABAergic neurons origin from the GE is preserved in the monkey and human brain. However, it could be expected that the evolution is changing developmental rules to enable considerable expansion of calretinin interneuron population. During the early fetal period in primates, cortical GABAergic neurons are almost entirely generated in the subpallium, as in rodents. Already at that time, the primate caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE) shows a relative increase in size and production of calretinin interneurons. During the second trimester of gestation, that is the main neurogenetic stage in primates without clear correlates found in rodents, the pallial production of cortical GABAergic neurons together with the extended persistence of the GE is observed. We propose that the CGE could be the main source of calretinin interneurons for the posterior and lateral cortical regions, but not for the frontal cortex. The associative granular frontal cortex represents around one third of the cortical surface and contains almost half of cortical calretinin interneurons. The majority of calretinin interneurons destined for the frontal cortex could be generated in the pallium, especially in the newly evolved outer subventricular zone that becomes the main pool of cortical progenitors.
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发表时间: 2008-07
期刊: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
影响因子: --
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发表时间: 2011-11
期刊: The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子: --
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