Behavioral analyses of sugar processing in choice, feeding, and learning in larval Drosophila.
Behavioral analyses of sugar processing in choice, feeding, and learning in larval Drosophila.
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DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjn024
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发表时间：
2008-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gerber B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schipanski A;Yarali A;Niewalda T;Gerber B
味觉刺激至少有两种功能：它们可以支持即时的反射反应（如基质选择和进食），它们可以驱动内部强化。我们对果蝇幼虫的甜味功能进行了行为学分析。这个想法是使用剂量效应特征作为行为“指纹”来分离反射和强化功能。对于葡萄糖和海藻糖，我们发现相对较弱的偏好。相反，对于果糖和蔗糖，偏好反应很强烈，对摄食的影响也很明显。具体来说，两种糖的中间浓度对幼虫的吸引力和摄食刺激最大：使用非常高的浓度（4 M）会导致对摄食的偏好减弱和抑制。与这种关于选择和喂养的最优函数相反，我们发现了一个用于强化学习的渐近剂量效应函数：学习分数在2 M时达到渐近线，并在4 M浓度时保持稳定。反思性（选择和喂养）和强化功能之间的参数差异也见于氯化钠（Niewalda T, Singhal S, Fiala A, Saumweber T, Wegener S, Gerber B，在制备中）。我们讨论了这些差异是基于高渗透压传感器对反射通路的抑制，还是基于不同的感觉通路，具有不同的有效剂量-反应特征，可能分别优先驱动反射反应或调节神经元介导的内部强化。
Gustatory stimuli have at least 2 kinds of function: They can support immediate, reflexive responses (such as substrate choice and feeding) and they can drive internal reinforcement. We provide behavioral analyses of these functions with respect to sweet taste in larval Drosophila. The idea is to use the dose–effect characteristics as behavioral “fingerprints” to dissociate reflexive and reinforcing functions. For glucose and trehalose, we uncover relatively weak preference. In contrast, for fructose and sucrose, preference responses are strong and the effects on feeding pronounced. Specifically, larvae are attracted to, and feeding is stimulated most strongly for, intermediate concentrations of either sugar: Using very high concentrations (4 M) results in weakened preference and suppression of feeding. In contrast to such an optimum function regarding choice and feeding, an asymptotic dose–effect function is found for reinforcement learning: Learning scores reach asymptote at 2 M and remain stable for a 4-M concentration. A similar parametric discrepancy between the reflexive (choice and feeding) and reinforcing function is also seen for sodium chloride (Niewalda T, Singhal S, Fiala A, Saumweber T, Wegener S, Gerber B, in preparation). We discuss whether these discrepancies are based either on inhibition from high-osmolarity sensors upon specifically the reflexive pathways or whether different sensory pathways, with different effective dose–response characteristics, may have preferential access to drive either reflex responses or modulatory neurons mediating internal reinforcement, respectively.
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