The present and the future of microstructure MRI: From a paradigm shift to normal science.

The present and the future of microstructure MRI: From a paradigm shift to normal science.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108947
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发表时间:
2021-03-01
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Novikov DS
Novikov DS
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Novikov DS

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利用MRI对组织微观结构进行成像的目的是在体内揭示毫米级成像体素内的微米级组织特征。这种超分辨率推动了生物医学成像领域的范式转变。然而,感觉像是MRI正在进行的革命,在几十年前的物理学中已经在概念上经历过了;从这个角度来看,我们目前的发展可以被视为托马斯库恩的“正常科学”进步阶段。虽然低于标称成像分辨率的基于模型的量化的概念并不新鲜,但其在神经科学和神经放射学中的可能性才刚刚开始被广泛认识。这种脱节要求将组织微结构MR成像的进展传达给其潜在用户。在这里,一些最新的研究进展概述的总体概念,粗粒化的组织结构在一个不断增加的扩散长度。在扩散磁共振相图上总结了各种扩散模型和扩散现象,并指出了尚未解决的问题和未来的发展方向。
The aspiration of imaging tissue microstructure with MRI is to uncover micrometer-scale tissue features within millimeter-scale imaging voxels, in vivo. This kind of super-resolution has fueled a paradigm shift within the biomedical imaging community. However, what feels like an ongoing revolution in MRI, has been conceptually experienced in physics decades ago; from this point of view, our current developments can be seen as Thomas Kuhn’s “normal science” stage of progress. While the concept of model-based quantification below the nominal imaging resolution is not new, its possibilities in neuroscience and neuroradiology are only beginning to be widely appreciated. This disconnect calls for communicating the progress of tissue microstructure MR imaging to its potential users. Here, a number of recent research developments are outlined in terms of the overarching concept of coarse-graining the tissue structure over an increasing diffusion length. A variety of diffusion models and phenomena are summarized on the phase diagram of diffusion MRI, with the unresolved problems and future directions corresponding to its unexplored domains.
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