Traction stress in focal adhesions correlates biphasically with actin retrograde flow speed.

Traction stress in focal adhesions correlates biphasically with actin retrograde flow speed.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200810060
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发表时间:
2008-12-15
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
Waterman, Clare M.
Waterman, Clare M.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gardel, Margaret L.;Sabass, Benedikt;Ji, Lin;Danuser, Gaudenz;Schwarz, Ulrich S.;Waterman, Clare M.

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How focal adhesions (FAs) convert retrograde filamentous actin (F-actin) flow into traction stress on the extracellular matrix to drive cell migration is unknown. Using combined traction force and fluorescent speckle microscopy, we observed a robust biphasic relationship between F-actin speed and traction force. F-actin speed is inversely related to traction stress near the cell edge where FAs are formed and F-actin motion is rapid. In contrast, larger FAs where the F-actin speed is low are marked by a direct relationship between F-actin speed and traction stress. We found that the biphasic switch is determined by a threshold F-actin speed of 8–10 nm/s, independent of changes in FA protein density, age, stress magnitude, assembly/disassembly status, or subcellular position induced by pleiotropic perturbations to Rho family guanosine triphosphatase signaling and myosin II activity. Thus, F-actin speed is a fundamental regulator of traction force at FAs during cell migration.
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