Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease.
Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.05.020
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Bower JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuhlman KR;Chiang JJ;Horn S;Bower JE
童年的逆境与一生中的身体和精神疾病有着反复而有力的联系。然而，这种情况发生的生物学途径仍不清楚。免疫系统炎症臂和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA）的功能都是童年逆境导致疾病的假设途径。这篇综述为研究逆境类型和时间在炎症和hpa轴功能中的作用提供了一个新的发展框架。特别是，我们确定了童年逆境的因素，这些因素对发育中的有机体是显著的：身体威胁，中断的照顾和不可预测的环境条件。我们提出，现有的、特征良好的动物模型可能有助于区分这些逆境因素的影响，并回顾了支持这些观点的动物和人类文献。为了支持这些假设，我们还提供了hpa轴和免疫系统炎症臂的发育和结构的详细描述，以及最近测量方法的进展。讨论了未来基础、发展、转化和临床研究的建议。
Childhood adversity has been repeatedly and robustly linked to physical and mental illness across the lifespan. Yet, the biological pathways through which this occurs remain unclear. Functioning of the inflammatory arm of the immune system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis are both hypothesized pathways through which childhood adversity leads to disease. This review provides a novel developmental framework for examining the role of adversity type and timing in inflammatory and HPA-axis functioning. In particular, we identify elements of childhood adversity that are salient to the developing organism: physical threat, disrupted caregiving, and unpredictable environmental conditions. We propose that existing, well-characterized animal models may be useful in differentiating the effects of these adversity elements and review both the animal and human literature that supports these ideas. To support these hypotheses, we also provide a detailed description of the development and structure of both the HPA-axis and the inflammatory arm of the immune system, as well as recent methodological advances in their measurement. Recommendations for future basic, developmental, translational, and clinical research are discussed.
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