Natron glass beads reveal proto-Silk Road between the Mediterranean and China in the 1st millennium BCE.
Natron glass beads reveal proto-Silk Road between the Mediterranean and China in the 1st millennium BCE.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-021-82245-w
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发表时间：
2021-02-11
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Wang B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lü QQ;Henderson J;Wang Y;Wang B
近两千年来，泡碱玻璃是地中海和欧洲物质文化的重要组成部分，但在欧亚大陆其他地方发现的泡碱玻璃，尽管对古代亚洲玻璃有影响，却没有得到足够的讨论。在这里，我们提出了一个新的解释碱玻璃发现从西方和东方。本文利用微量元素对地中海（公元前8 - 2世纪）泡碱玻璃的成分类型和工艺序列进行了分析，并报道了对公元前1千年中期来自中国新疆的一个可能由黎凡特原玻璃制成的玻璃珠的分析，并通过成分和类型的比较确定了欧亚大陆常见的分层眼珠类型。结合这些发现，我们提出，至少在公元前5世纪，相当数量的地中海泡碱玻璃产品已经到达东亚，这可能是中国本土玻璃制造发展的一个促成因素。公元前1千年，泡碱玻璃在欧亚大陆的迅速传播可能是由三个阶段的过程促进的，包括海上和陆上网络以及多种形式的贸易和交换，这表明沿“原始丝绸之路”的跨大陆连接具有高度适应性和日益高效。
Natron-based glass was a vital part of material culture in the Mediterranean and Europe for nearly two millennia, but natron glass found elsewhere on the Eurasian Continent has not received adequate discussion, despite its influence on ancient Asian glass. Here we present a new interpretation of natron glass finds from both the West and the East. After establishing the compositional types and technological sequence of Mediterranean natron glass (eighth-second century BCE) using trace elements, we report the analysis of a mid-1st millennium BCE glass bead from Xinjiang, China, which was likely made with Levantine raw glass, and identify common types of stratified eye beads in Eurasia based on a compositional and typological comparison. Combining these findings, we propose that a considerable number of Mediterranean natron glass products had arrived in East Asia at least by the fifth century BCE, which may have been a contributing factor in the development of native Chinese glass-making. The swift diffusion of natron glass across Eurasia in the 1st millennium BCE was likely facilitated by a three-stage process involving maritime and overland networks and multiple forms of trade and exchange, indicating a highly adaptable and increasingly efficient transcontinental connection along the ‘Proto-Silk Road’.
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