Reduced free asparagine in wheat grain resulting from a natural deletion of TaASN-B2: investigating and exploiting diversity in the asparagine synthetase gene family to improve wheat quality.
Reduced free asparagine in wheat grain resulting from a natural deletion of TaASN-B2: investigating and exploiting diversity in the asparagine synthetase gene family to improve wheat quality.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12870-021-03058-7
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发表时间：
2021-06-29
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Pearce S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oddy J;Alarcón-Reverte R;Wilkinson M;Ravet K;Raffan S;Minter A;Mead A;Elmore JS;de Almeida IM;Cryer NC;Halford NG;Pearce S
了解小麦籽粒中游离天冬酰胺浓度的决定因素对于降低烘焙和烘烤小麦产品中加工污染物丙烯酰胺的水平是必要的。尽管作物管理策略可以帮助降低天冬酰胺浓度，但育种者选择这一性状背后的遗传变异的选择有限。天冬酰胺合成酶催化植物天冬酰胺生物合成的关键步骤，在小麦中，天冬酰胺合成酶由五个表现出不同表达谱的同源基因三联体编码。在该家族中，TaASN2 基因在籽粒发育过程中高度表达，但 TaASN-B2 在某些品种中缺失。在不同小麦品种中评估了天冬酰胺合成酶基因家族的自然遗传多样性，揭示了存在/不存在变异和其他多态性的情况，包括一些预计会影响编码蛋白质功能的多态性。在一系列英国和全球常见小麦品种及相关物种中确定了 TaASN-B2 的存在和缺失，表明包含该基因的缺失已经存在于一些野生二粒小麦基因型中。表达谱证实 TaASN2 转录物仅在籽粒中可检测到，而 TaASN3.1 基因在籽粒发育的早期阶段高度表达。 TaASN-A2 是大多数测定的小麦品种中表达最高的 TaASN2 同源物。 TaASN-B2 和 TaASN-D2 在含有 TaASN-B2 的品种中以相似的较低水平表达。 TaASN-A2和TaASN-D2的表达没有增加以补偿TaASN-B2的缺失，因此在缺乏TaASN-B2的品种中总TaASN2表达较低。因此，在缺乏 TaASN-B2 的品种中，田间生产的谷物中的游离天冬酰胺浓度平均较低，尽管当游离天冬酰胺由于缺硫而积累到非常高的浓度时，这种影响就会消失。选择缺乏 TaASN-B2 基因的小麦基因型可能是育种者降低商业小麦籽粒中游离天冬酰胺浓度的简单而快速的方法。在线版本包含可在 10.1186/s12870-021-03058-7 获取的补充材料。
Understanding the determinants of free asparagine concentration in wheat grain is necessary to reduce levels of the processing contaminant acrylamide in baked and toasted wheat products. Although crop management strategies can help reduce asparagine concentrations, breeders have limited options to select for genetic variation underlying this trait. Asparagine synthetase enzymes catalyse a critical step in asparagine biosynthesis in plants and, in wheat, are encoded by five homeologous gene triads that exhibit distinct expression profiles. Within this family, TaASN2 genes are highly expressed during grain development but TaASN-B2 is absent in some varieties. Natural genetic diversity in the asparagine synthetase gene family was assessed in different wheat varieties revealing instances of presence/absence variation and other polymorphisms, including some predicted to affect the function of the encoded protein. The presence and absence of TaASN-B2 was determined across a range of UK and global common wheat varieties and related species, showing that the deletion encompassing this gene was already present in some wild emmer wheat genotypes. Expression profiling confirmed that TaASN2 transcripts were only detectable in the grain, while TaASN3.1 genes were highly expressed during the early stages of grain development. TaASN-A2 was the most highly expressed TaASN2 homeologue in most assayed wheat varieties. TaASN-B2 and TaASN-D2 were expressed at similar, lower levels in varieties possessing TaASN-B2. Expression of TaASN-A2 and TaASN-D2 did not increase to compensate for the absence of TaASN-B2, so total TaASN2 expression was lower in varieties lacking TaASN-B2. Consequently, free asparagine concentrations in field-produced grain were, on average, lower in varieties lacking TaASN-B2, although the effect was lost when free asparagine accumulated to very high concentrations as a result of sulphur deficiency. Selecting wheat genotypes lacking the TaASN-B2 gene may be a simple and rapid way for breeders to reduce free asparagine concentrations in commercial wheat grain. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-021-03058-7.
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食品安全：天冬型合成酶基因家族的结构和表达。
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Gao R;Curtis TY;Powers SJ;Xu H;Huang J;Halford NG
通讯作者：
Halford NG
影响因子：
30.8
作者：
Maccaferri, Marco;Harris, Neil S.;Cattivelli, Luigi
通讯作者：
Cattivelli, Luigi
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Martinek, P.;Klem, K.;Hajslova, J.
通讯作者：
Hajslova, J.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Emebiri, Livinus C.
通讯作者：
Emebiri, Livinus C.
品种、种植年份和硫供应量对商品小麦品种籽粒中游离天冬酰胺积累的影响。
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Curtis TY;Powers SJ;Wang R;Halford NG
通讯作者：
Halford NG