Personality Traits Elucidate Sex Differences in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Comorbidity During Early Childhood.
Personality Traits Elucidate Sex Differences in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Comorbidity During Early Childhood.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10862-013-9382-1
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Tackett, Jennifer L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martel, Michelle M.;Gremillion, Monica L.;Tackett, Jennifer L.
注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 与其他儿童期疾病高度共存，并且这种共病存在显着的性别差异，特别是在儿童早期。例如，与女孩相比，患有多动症的男孩在幼儿期更有可能表现出共病的破坏性行为和神经发育障碍。然而，对这些明显的性别差异的解释仍然不足。目前的研究评估了一个新的假设，即人格特质可能作为中间表型，有助于解释幼儿期常见多动症合并症特征的性别差异。研究参与者是 109 名 3 至 6 岁的儿童及其主要照顾者和教师/日托提供者，他们是从社区招募的，并且因 ADHD 相关问题而过度招募。主要看护者填写了儿童行为检查表，教师/日托服务提供者填写了教师报告表，作为儿童行为问题的衡量标准。考官完成了加州 Q 排序，作为衡量儿童性格特征的标准。有调节的中介分析表明，人格特质以特定性别的方式解释了多动症与对立蔑视、攻击性和语言问题之间的关联。在女孩中，高度神经质介导了多动症和对立蔑视之间的关联，而不愉快介导了多动症和攻击性之间的关联，而低责任性介导了男孩多动症和神经发育语言问题之间的关联。特质-心理病理学关联中的性别差异可能有助于解释合并症概况中的性别差异，并可能对儿童评估和个性化早期干预产生影响。
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is highly comorbid with other childhood disorders, and there are striking sex differences in this comorbidity, particularly during early childhood. For example, boys with ADHD are more likely to exhibit comorbid disruptive behavior and neurodevelopmental disorders, compared to girls, during early childhood. Yet, explanations for these well-established sex differences remain in short supply. The current study evaluated the novel hypothesis that personality traits may serve as intermediate phenotypes that help explain sex differences in common ADHD comorbidity profiles during early childhood. Study participants were 109 children between the ages of 3 and 6 and their primary caregivers and teachers/daycare providers, recruited from the community and over-recruited for ADHD-related problems. Primary caregivers completed the Child Behavior Checklist, and teachers/daycare providers completed the Teacher Report Form as a measure of child behavior problems. Examiners completed the California Q-Sort as a measure of child personality traits. Moderated mediation analyses suggested that personality traits explain associations between ADHD and oppositional-defiance, aggression, and language problems in a sex-specific manner. While high neuroticism mediated associations between ADHD and oppositional-defiance in girls, disagreeableness mediated associations between ADHD and aggression and low conscientiousness mediated associations between ADHD and neurodevelopmental language problems in boys. Sex differences in trait-psychopathology associations may help explain sex differences in comorbidity profiles with possible implications for child assessment and personalized early intervention.
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DOI：
10.1111/j-1469-7610.2007.01826.x
发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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