The complex history of the domestication of rice.
The complex history of the domestication of rice.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcm128
复制
发表时间：
2007-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
McCouch S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sweeney M;McCouch S
在公元前8000年的考古遗址中已经发现了水稻，尽管水稻驯化的日期仍是一个持续争论的问题。栽培稻有两个品种，即亚洲稻和非洲稻。野生稻和驯化稻在许多性状上有区别，包括：果皮颜色、休眠、落粒、穗结构、分蘖数、交配类型以及种子的数量和大小。遗传学研究使用不同的方法已经揭示了一个深层次的群体结构在驯化水稻。两个主要的类群，即印度亚种和日本亚种，已被鉴定为每个类群内存在几个亚种群。据估计，这条分界线的年代在10万年前。这一时期远早于驯化，支持了籼稻和粳稻从野生祖先的预分化库中独立驯化。亚种间的杂交表现出不育性，并因驯化性状而分离，这表明不同的种群被固定在不同的等位基因网络上，这些等位基因调节着这些性状。在水稻的亚种间杂交和野生与驯化材料间杂交中，已鉴定出大量的驯化QTL。许多QTL聚集在同一基因组区域，表明这些QTL是由一个具有多效性的基因或紧密连锁的基因簇所控制。近年来，从水稻中克隆到了几个驯化位点，包括控制果皮颜色的基因和两个控制落粒的基因。这些基因的分布和进化史为了解驯化过程和亚种间的关系提供了线索。水稻的进化史是复杂的，但最近的工作已经阐明了遗传学从野生（O。 rufipogon和O. nivara）到驯化（O. sativa）水稻。所涉及的基因类型以及等位基因的地理和遗传分布将使科学家更好地了解我们的祖先，并为我们的后代培育更好的水稻。
Rice has been found in archaeological sites dating to 8000 bc, although the date of rice domestication is a matter of continuing debate. Two species of domesticated rice, Oryza sativa (Asian) and Oryza glaberrima (African) are grown globally. Numerous traits separate wild and domesticated rices including changes in: pericarp colour, dormancy, shattering, panicle architecture, tiller number, mating type and number and size of seeds. Genetic studies using diverse methodologies have uncovered a deep population structure within domesticated rice. Two main groups, the indica and japonica subspecies, have been identified with several subpopulations existing within each group. The antiquity of the divide has been estimated at more than 100 000 years ago. This date far precedes domestication, supporting independent domestications of indica and japonica from pre-differentiated pools of the wild ancestor. Crosses between subspecies display sterility and segregate for domestication traits, indicating that different populations are fixed for different networks of alleles conditioning these traits. Numerous domestication QTLs have been identified in crosses between the subspecies and in crosses between wild and domesticated accessions of rice. Many of the QTLs cluster in the same genomic regions, suggesting that a single gene with pleiotropic effects or that closely linked clusters of genes underlie these QTL. Recently, several domestication loci have been cloned from rice, including the gene controlling pericarp colour and two loci for shattering. The distribution and evolutionary history of these genes gives insight into the domestication process and the relationship between the subspecies. The evolutionary history of rice is complex, but recent work has shed light on the genetics of the transition from wild (O. rufipogon and O. nivara) to domesticated (O. sativa) rice. The types of genes involved and the geographic and genetic distribution of alleles will allow scientists to better understand our ancestors and breed better rice for our descendents.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cao, Z. H.;Ding, J. L.;Dong, Y. H.
通讯作者：
Dong, Y. H.
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Crawford, G;Underhill, A;Cai, FS
通讯作者：
Cai, FS
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Cai, HW;Morishima, H
通讯作者：
Morishima, H
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Klee, M;Zach, B;Neumann, K
通讯作者：
Neumann, K
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0603152103
发表时间：
2006-06-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Londo, Jason P.;Chiang, Yu-Chung;Schaal, Barbara A.
通讯作者：
Schaal, Barbara A.