Attention deficit/hyperactivity and comorbid symptoms in preschoolers: Differences between subgroups in neuropsychological basic deficits
Attention deficit/hyperactivity and comorbid symptoms in preschoolers: Differences between subgroups in neuropsychological basic deficits
复制标题
学龄前儿童的注意力缺陷/多动和共病症状：神经心理学基本缺陷亚组之间的差异
DOI：
10.1080/09297049.2013.778236
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Becker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pauli-Pott;Mingebach;Roller;Becker
背景：关于注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的异质性有广泛的共识。从学龄前几年开始就有特定的共病问题、神经心理缺陷和发展轨迹的亚群已经被假定。我们分析了是否可以在学龄前样本中发现相应的ADHD高危亚群，以及这些亚群是否表现出假定的神经心理缺陷。方法：研究样本包括141名学龄前儿童(3-6岁，68名男孩)，其中包括41名ADHD高危儿童(因ADHD症状高或有ADHD诊断的一级亲属)。评估了家长和老师报告的ADHD、ODD/CD和焦虑/抑郁症状。对连续症状评分进行聚类分析。采用6项神经心理学任务测量抑制控制和延迟厌恶。结果：聚类分析得到4组结果。其中两组表现出高度的ADHD症状-一组表现出多种共病症状，另一组几乎没有任何进一步的症状。另外两组的特征是没有问题和一些感觉运动障碍。先验对比显示，“高共病”组的抑制控制性能最差，而“纯ADHD症状”组的延迟厌恶程度最高。结论：ADHD-症状组符合最近模型中提出的类型。这一描述可能有助于在未来的纵向研究中识别与ADHD相关的不同途径。
Background:There is wide agreement on the heterogeneity of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Subgroups with specific comorbid problems, neuropsychological deficits, and developmental trajectories that start in preschool years have been assumed. We analyze whether corresponding subgroups at risk for ADHD development can be identified in a preschool sample and whether these subgroups show the assumed neuropsychological deficits.Methods:The study sample consisted in 141 preschool children (3–6 years; 68 boys), including 41 children at risk for ADHD development (because of high ADHD symptoms or first-degree relatives with an ADHD diagnosis). Parent- and teacher-reported symptoms of ADHD, ODD/CD, and anxiety/depression were assessed. Cluster analyses were conducted on the continuous symptom scores. Inhibitory control and delay aversion were measured by six neuropsychological tasks.Results:Cluster analyses resulted in four groups. Two of these groups showed high ADHD symptoms — one showing multiple comorbid symptoms, one showing hardly any further symptoms. The other two groups were characterized by no problems and by some sensorimotor deficits. A priori contrasts revealed that the “high comorbidity” cluster showed the worst inhibitory control performance while the “pure ADHD symptoms” cluster showed the highest delay aversion.Conclusion:The ADHD-symptom clusters matched types that have been proposed in recent models. This description might help to identify different ADHD-related pathways in future longitudinal research.
登录
查看更多内容
学龄前多动症的种类：从风险到疾病的多种途径。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
E. Sonuga;J. Auerbach;S. Campbell;D. Daley;M. Thompson
通讯作者：
M. Thompson
童年时期抑制的发展：情境特异性和双因素模型的证据
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
J. Asendorpf
通讯作者：
J. Asendorpf
德国优势和困难问卷的规范和评估 (SDQ)：Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Felderhebung
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Woerner;A. Becker;C. Friedrich;A. Rothenberger;H. Klasen;R. Goodman
通讯作者：
R. Goodman
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Wahlstedt, Cecilia;Thorell, Lisa B.;Bohlin, Gunilla
通讯作者：
Bohlin, Gunilla
影响因子：
3
作者：
Bitsakou, P;Antrop, I;Sonuga-Barke, EJS
通讯作者：
Sonuga-Barke, EJS