Altered reward system reactivity for personalized circumscribed interests in autism.
Altered reward system reactivity for personalized circumscribed interests in autism.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s13229-018-0195-7
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Yerys BE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kohls G;Antezana L;Mosner MG;Schultz RT;Yerys BE
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的神经生物学研究很少关注导致和维持限制性和重复性行为和兴趣（RRBI）的大脑机制。有证据表明，大脑奖励系统对社会和非社会刺激反应的不平衡可能导致社会缺陷和RRBI。因此，这项研究的主要目的是比较大脑对个体RRBI的反应性（即，有限的利益），社会奖励（即，社会认可），相对于典型发育控制（TDC）而言，患有ASD的青少年。我们进行了一项3 T功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究，以调查39名ASD青年相对于22名TDC的个性化限制性兴趣奖励与社会奖励的血氧水平依赖性效应。为了探索奖励系统，我们采用了短视频片段作为工具性激励延迟任务的强化。这种优化增加了任务的生态有效性相比，经常在这条线的研究中使用的静态图片。与TDC相比，ASD青少年对CI的奖励系统反应更强，主要是在非社会领域（例如，视频游戏）而不是社会奖励（例如，批准）。此外，尾状核反应性的这种不平衡与更大的社会障碍有关。目前的数据支持奖励系统功能障碍的想法，这可能有助于增强ASD中RRBI的动机，同时减少社会参与的动机。如果一个失调的奖励系统确实支持ASD的社会和非社会症状的出现和维持，那么在未来的治疗努力中战略性地瞄准奖励系统可能会允许更有效的治疗实践，有助于改善ASD患者及其家庭的结局。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s13229-018-0195-7）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Neurobiological research in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has paid little attention on brain mechanisms that cause and maintain restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs). Evidence indicates an imbalance in the brain’s reward system responsiveness to social and non-social stimuli may contribute to both social deficits and RRBIs. Thus, this study’s central aim was to compare brain responsiveness to individual RRBI (i.e., circumscribed interests), with social rewards (i.e., social approval), in youth with ASD relative to typically developing controls (TDCs). We conducted a 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study to investigate the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent effect of personalized circumscribed interest rewards versus social rewards in 39 youth with ASD relative to 22 TDC. To probe the reward system, we employed short video clips as reinforcement in an instrumental incentive delay task. This optimization increased the task’s ecological validity compared to still pictures that are often used in this line of research. Compared to TDCs, youth with ASD had stronger reward system responses for CIs mostly within the non-social realm (e.g., video games) than social rewards (e.g., approval). Additionally, this imbalance within the caudate nucleus’ responsiveness was related to greater social impairment. The current data support the idea of reward system dysfunction that may contribute to enhanced motivation for RRBIs in ASD, accompanied by diminished motivation for social engagement. If a dysregulated reward system indeed supports the emergence and maintenance of social and non-social symptoms of ASD, then strategically targeting the reward system in future treatment endeavors may allow for more efficacious treatment practices that help improve outcomes for individuals with ASD and their families. The online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-018-0195-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Gotham, Katherine;Pickles, Andrew;Lord, Catherine
通讯作者：
Lord, Catherine
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Dichter GS;Damiano CA;Allen JA
通讯作者：
Allen JA
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Charlop-Christy, MH;Haymes, LK
通讯作者：
Haymes, LK
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Factor, Reina S.;Condy, Emma E.;Scarpa, Angela
通讯作者：
Scarpa, Angela
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Anthony LG;Kenworthy L;Yerys BE;Jankowski KF;James JD;Harms MB;Martin A;Wallace GL
通讯作者：
Wallace GL