Novel Routes of Potential Hepatitis C Virus Transmission among People Who Inject Drugs: Secondary Blood Exposures Related to Injection Drug Use.
Novel Routes of Potential Hepatitis C Virus Transmission among People Who Inject Drugs: Secondary Blood Exposures Related to Injection Drug Use.
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DOI：
10.1080/10826084.2021.1879149
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bluthenthal, Ricky N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldshear, Jesse L.;Simpson, Kelsey A.;Kral, Alex H.;Wenger, Lynn D.;Bluthenthal, Ricky N.
美国正处于全国性丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）流行之中，这似乎是由注射毒品（PWID）人群中的新病例驱动的。虽然PWID中的HCV传播被认为主要通过直接共用注射器发生，但一些感染可能通过注射中涉及的二次过程和材料传播。在这里，我们介绍了注射事件后衣服和附近表面的二次血液暴露的患病率，并在2016-18年洛杉矶和弗朗西斯科，加州的553名PWID的目标样本中检查了这些暴露与终身HCV感染的相关性。在多变量logistic回归模型中，过去30天内衣服上有血的几率较高（p < 0.05）与终身HCV阳性状态、阿片类药物作为主要药物、与他人注射、共用炊具和接受注射器共用显著相关。在过去30天内，附近表面血液的调整几率较高与终身阳性HCV状态、共用炊具和接受注射器共用显著相关。美洲原住民种族与两个结果变量的调整后比值显著降低相关。结果表明，物理和社会微环境的相关性，以血液接触注射事件继发的潜力。慢性HCV血清阳性的个体可能更有可能将其他人暴露于血液中，因为血液凝结能力降低。这突出表明，需要在减少危害的地点增加HCV检测，并增加急救和伤口护理材料的供应，以帮助阻止注射事件后潜在的血液暴露。
The US is in the midst of a national Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) epidemic that appears to be driven by new cases among people who inject drugs (PWID). While HCV transmission among PWID is believed to occur mostly through direct sharing of syringes, some infections may be spread via secondary processes and materials involved in injecting. Here, we present the prevalence of secondary blood exposures on clothing and nearby surfaces after injection episodes and examine the correlations of these exposures to lifetime HCV infection among a targeted sample of 553 PWID in Los Angeles and San Francisco, California in 2016–18. In multivariate logistic regression models, higher odds of blood on clothing in the last 30 days was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with lifetime positive HCV status, opioids as primary drug, injecting with others, sharing cookers, and receptive syringe sharing. Higher adjusted odds of blood on nearby surfaces in the last 30 days was significantly associated with lifetime positive HCV status, sharing cookers, and receptive syringe sharing. Native American race was associated with significantly lower adjusted odds of both outcome variables. Results indicate the relevance of physical and social micro-environments to the potential for blood exposures secondary to injection episodes. Individuals with chronic HCV seropositivity are potentially more likely to expose others to blood due to decreases in the blood’s ability to clot. This highlights the need for increased HCV testing at harm reduction sites and increased supply of first aid and wound-care materials to help stop potential blood exposures after injection episodes.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Keeshin, Susana Williams;Feinberg, Judith
通讯作者：
Feinberg, Judith
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Hagan, Holly;Campbell, Jennifer;Garfein, Richard S.
通讯作者：
Garfein, Richard S.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Cooper, Hannah L. F.;Linton, Sabriya;Paz-Bailey, Gabriela
通讯作者：
Paz-Bailey, Gabriela
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Aspinall, E. J.;Weir, A.;Hellard, M. E.
通讯作者：
Hellard, M. E.
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Bluthenthal, Ricky N.;Heinzerling, Keith G.;Kral, Alex H.
通讯作者：
Kral, Alex H.