The contributions of twin studies to the understanding of brain ageing and neurocognitive disorders
The contributions of twin studies to the understanding of brain ageing and neurocognitive disorders
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双胞胎研究对理解大脑衰老和神经认知障碍的贡献
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
P. Sachdev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Teresa Lee;P. Sachdev
综述的目的：一些关于年长双胞胎的研究已经发表，以了解遗传和环境因素的相对贡献及其在确定认知老化和痴呆症中的相互作用。这篇综述试图整理这些研究的突出发现。大多数数据来自八项研究，其中大多数是斯堪的纳维亚人。这些研究表明，认知功能在晚年具有中度至高度的遗传性，遗传影响因不同的认知领域而异。然而，轻度认知功能障碍的遗传率较低，而痴呆的遗传率中等，这表明有显著的环境影响，并可能存在一些测量误差。大脑结构在晚年仍然具有很高的遗传性，尽管变异的遗传成分确实随着年龄的增长而减少。双胞胎对照研究支持中年生活方式因素对认知老化和老年痴呆症的作用。总结双胞胎研究了解衰老和痴呆症的潜力才刚刚开始被认识到。需要更多的纵向研究，基因组学和表观遗传学的新策略可以进一步利用这种强大的方法来为该领域提供信息。
Purpose of review A number of studies of older twins have been published to inform about the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors and their interactions in determining cognitive ageing and dementia. This review attempts to collate the salient findings from these studies. Recent findings Most data come from eight studies, with the majority being Scandinavian. These studies suggest that cognitive functions have moderate to high heritability in late life, with genetic influences varying for different cognitive domains. The heritability of mild cognitive impairment is, however, low, and that of dementia moderate, suggesting significant environmental influences, and possibly some measurement error. Brain structures continue to have high heritability into late life, although the genetic component of the variance does decrease with age. The co-twin control studies support the role of mid-life lifestyle factors for cognitive ageing and late-life dementia. Summary The potential of twin studies to understand ageing and dementia is only beginning to be realized. More longitudinal studies are needed, and novel strategies of genomics and epigenetics can further exploit this powerful method to inform the field.
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/58.5.p249
发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Crowe, M;Andel, R;Gatz, M
通讯作者：
Gatz, M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Brommelhoff, Jessica A.;Gatz, Margaret;Johansson, Boo;McArdle, John J.;Fratiglioni, Laura;Pedersen, Nancy L.
通讯作者：
Pedersen, Nancy L.
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Carmelli, D;DeCarli, C;Miller, BL
通讯作者：
Miller, BL
临床和生物标志物在主要遗传的阿尔茨海默氏病中变化。
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa1202753
发表时间：
2012-08-30
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bateman RJ;Xiong C;Benzinger TL;Fagan AM;Goate A;Fox NC;Marcus DS;Cairns NJ;Xie X;Blazey TM;Holtzman DM;Santacruz A;Buckles V;Oliver A;Moulder K;Aisen PS;Ghetti B;Klunk WE;McDade E;Martins RN;Masters CL;Mayeux R;Ringman JM;Rossor MN;Schofield PR;Sperling RA;Salloway S;Morris JC;Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network
通讯作者：
Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network