Area 4 has layer IV in adult primates.

Area 4 has layer IV in adult primates.
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DOI:
10.1111/ejn.12585
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发表时间:
2014-06
期刊:
The European journal of neuroscience
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Barbas H
Barbas H
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
García-Cabezas MÁ;Barbas H

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对于初级运动皮质(4区)中IV层的地位,存在着相反的观点。卡哈尔描述了成年人类第四区的第四层。相反,布罗德曼发现第四层在发育中,但在成年灵长类动物中没有,并将第四区域称为“无颗粒”。我们使用神经标记SMI-32在恒河猴身上解决了这个问题,SMI-32标记了较低的III层和V层的神经元,但没有标记IV层的神经元。SMI-32在与IV层相对应的第4区描绘了一个中央未标记的皮质条纹,其中填充了也在IV层的颗粒区域(如46区)中发现的小中间神经元。我们使用细胞标准来区分第四层中间神经元和上下两层的投射神经元。第四区通常使用的术语‘无颗粒’也用于系统发育上古老的边缘皮质,混淆了在层状结构上明显不同的区域。这个问题与大脑皮层之间的结构系统性差异有关,从边缘皮质追溯到具有越来越精细的层状结构的区域。系统变化原理可以用来预测跨皮质系统连接的层流模式。这一原则将第四区和无颗粒的前扣带回皮质置于运动皮质的分级板层分化的相对两极。因此,第四层在区域4中的地位与大脑皮层的核心组织特征、其联系和演变有关。
There are opposing views about the status of layer IV in primary motor cortex (area 4). Cajal described a layer IV in area 4 of adult humans. In contrast, Brodmann found layer IV in development but not in adult primates and called area 4 ‘agranular’. We addressed this issue in rhesus monkeys using the neural marker SMI-32, which labels neurons in lower layer III and upper V, but not in layer IV. SMI-32 delineated a central unlabeled cortical stripe in area 4 that corresponds to layer IV, which was populated with small interneurons also found in layer IV in ‘granular’ areas (such as area 46). We distinguished layer IV interneurons from projection neurons in the layers above and below using cellular criteria. The commonly used term ‘agranular’ for area 4 is also used for the phylogenetically ancient limbic cortices, confusing areas that differ markedly in laminar structure. This issue pertains to the systematic variation in the architecture across cortices, traced from limbic cortices through areas with increasingly more elaborate laminar structure. The principle of systematic variation can be used to predict laminar patterns of connections across cortical systems. This principle places area 4 and agranular anterior cingulate cortices at opposite poles of the graded laminar differentiation of motor cortices. The status of layer IV in area 4 thus pertains to core organizational features of the cortex, its connections and evolution.
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