GABA predicts visual intelligence.
GABA predicts visual intelligence.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neulet.2016.07.053
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发表时间：
2016-10-06
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Larsson J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cook E;Hammett ST;Larsson J
皮质GABA水平与视觉空间智商和周围抑制相关。更高的水平预示着更高的智力和更强的周围抑制。研究结果提供了连接周围抑制和智力的机制。结果表明，皮质GABA水平在确定认知性能的作用。早期的心理学研究者提出了智力和低水平感知表现之间的联系。最近有人提出，这种联系是由个体抑制无关信息的能力差异驱动的，这一点可以通过观察感知周围抑制和认知表现之间的强相关性来证明。然而，这种联系背后的神经机制仍不清楚。一个候选机制是γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的神经抑制，但直接的实验支持GABA介导的抑制潜在的抑制是不一致的。在这里，我们报告的证据一致的全球抑制机制，涉及GABA的感觉性能和智力之间的联系。我们测量了一组健康成年人的视觉皮层GABA浓度，视觉空间智力和视觉周围抑制。GABA水平对智力和周围抑制都有很强的预测作用，智力水平越高，GABA水平越高，周围抑制越强。这些结果表明，GABA介导的神经抑制可能是决定认知能力的关键因素，并提出了一个生理机制连接周围抑制和智力。
Cortical GABA levels correlate with visuo-spatial IQ and surround suppression. Higher levels predict higher intelligence and stronger surround suppression. Results provide mechanism linking surround suppression and intelligence. Results suggest role of cortical GABA levels in determining cognitive performance. Early psychological researchers proposed a link between intelligence and low-level perceptual performance. It was recently suggested that this link is driven by individual variations in the ability to suppress irrelevant information, evidenced by the observation of strong correlations between perceptual surround suppression and cognitive performance. However, the neural mechanisms underlying such a link remain unclear. A candidate mechanism is neural inhibition by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), but direct experimental support for GABA-mediated inhibition underlying suppression is inconsistent. Here we report evidence consistent with a global suppressive mechanism involving GABA underlying the link between sensory performance and intelligence. We measured visual cortical GABA concentration, visuo-spatial intelligence and visual surround suppression in a group of healthy adults. Levels of GABA were strongly predictive of both intelligence and surround suppression, with higher levels of intelligence associated with higher levels of GABA and stronger surround suppression. These results indicate that GABA-mediated neural inhibition may be a key factor determining cognitive performance and suggests a physiological mechanism linking surround suppression and intelligence.
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