Gender-related differences in migraine.
Gender-related differences in migraine.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10072-020-04643-8
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Benedetto C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allais G;Chiarle G;Sinigaglia S;Airola G;Schiapparelli P;Benedetto C
偏头痛被认为主要是女性的抱怨，即使它也影响男性。流行病学数据表明，从青春期开始，妇女的发病率较高。偏头痛的性别差异也具有临床意义。女性的发作频率、持续时间和残疾程度往往更高。也许正因为如此，她们也比男性更频繁地咨询专家，服用更多的处方药。不同的机制已被评估，以解释这些差异。激素环境及其对神经元和血管反应性的调节可能是最重要的方面之一。雌激素和孕激素通过两种机制调节许多生物学功能：非基因组机制和基因组机制。它们影响几种神经介质和神经递质，并且它们可能导致涉及偏头痛发病机制的几个脑区域的功能和结构差异。除了它们的中枢作用外，性激素还能迅速调节血管张力。在临床管理和实验研究中应考虑由此产生的特定性别表型。
Migraine is considered mostly a woman’s complaint, even if it affects also men. Epidemiological data show a higher incidence of the disease in women, starting from puberty throughout life. The sex-related differences of migraine hold clinical relevance too. The frequency, duration, and disability of attacks tend to be higher in women. Because of this, probably, they also consult specialists more frequently and take more prescription drugs than men. Different mechanisms have been evaluated to explain these differences. Hormonal milieu and its modulation of neuronal and vascular reactivity is probably one of the most important aspects. Estrogens and progesterone regulate a host of biological functions through two mechanisms: nongenomic and genomic. They influence several neuromediators and neurotransmitters, and they may cause functional and structural differences in several brain regions, involved in migraine pathogenesis. In addition to their central action, sex hormones exert rapid modulation of vascular tone. The resulting specific sex phenotype should be considered during clinical management and experimental studies.
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