Exploring the quiet eye in archery using field- and laboratory-based tasks.
Exploring the quiet eye in archery using field- and laboratory-based tasks.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-017-4988-2
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发表时间：
2017-09
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Williams AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonzalez CC;Causer J;Grey MJ;Humphreys GW;Miall RC;Williams AM
据报道，在许多需要精确瞄准的任务中，“安静的眼睛”（QE）——长时间注视目标的一段时间。与非专家相比，以及成功与不太成功的试验中，专家报告的静眼持续时间 (QED) 更长。量化宽松在该领域已得到广泛研究；然而，量化宽松背后的认知机制尚未完全了解。我们使用基于计算机的射箭任务在现场和实验室调查了 10 名专家和 10 名新手射箭手的 QED。计算机任务包括使用操纵杆射击射箭目标。在高水平和低水平引入随机“噪声”（视觉运动扰动），以便对任务复杂性和处理需求的影响进行受控检查。在这项计算机任务中，我们还测试了另外一组 10 名非弓箭手作为对照。在现场和计算机任务中，都使用眼电图测量眼球运动。在野外任务中，与新手弓箭手相比，专家弓箭手表现出更长的 QED。在计算机任务中，与非弓箭手相比，弓箭手再次表现出更长的 QED，并且更准确。此外，与新手和非弓箭手相比，专家弓箭手在高噪声条件下表现出更早的 QE 开始和更长的 QED。我们的研究结果表明，在现场条件和新颖的基于计算机的射箭任务中，QED 受到基于技能的影响，其中在线（视觉）扰动调节了专家的 QED。专家中这些较长的 QED 可用于更有效的编程，其中通过注意力控制促进准确的预测。
The ‘quiet eye’ (QE)—a period of extended gaze fixation on a target—has been reported in many tasks that require accurate aiming. Longer quiet eye durations (QEDs) are reported in experts compared to non-experts and on successful versus less successful trials. The QE has been extensively studied in the field; however, the cognitive mechanisms underlying the QE are not yet fully understood. We investigated the QEDs of ten expert and ten novice archers in the field and in the laboratory using a computer-based archery task. The computer task consisted of shooting archery targets using a joystick. Random ‘noise’ (visual motion perturbation) was introduced at high and low levels to allow for the controlled examination of the effects of task complexity and processing demands. In this computer task, we also tested an additional group of ten non-archers as controls. In both field and computer tasks, eye movements were measured using electro-oculography. The expert archers exhibited longer QED compared to the novice archers in the field task. In the computer task, the archers again exhibited longer QEDs and were more accurate compared to non-archers. Furthermore, expert archers showed earlier QE onsets and longer QEDs during high noise conditions compared to the novices and non-archers. Our findings show skill-based effects on QED in field conditions and in a novel computer-based archery task, in which online (visual) perturbations modulated experts’ QEDs. These longer QEDs in experts may be used for more efficient programming in which accurate predictions are facilitated by attention control.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Diedrichsen, J;Nambisan, R;Ivry, RB
通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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