HIV controllers: a multifactorial phenotype of spontaneous viral suppression.

HIV controllers: a multifactorial phenotype of spontaneous viral suppression.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.clim.2011.07.007
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发表时间:
2011-10
期刊:
Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kaufmann DE
Kaufmann DE
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Thèze J;Chakrabarti LA;Vingert B;Porichis F;Kaufmann DE

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少数被称为艾滋病毒控制者的艾滋病毒感染者能够在没有治疗的情况下长期控制艾滋病毒的复制。越来越多的证据表明,适应性免疫系统在这种控制中起着关键作用,但也表明,几种宿主和/或病毒因素的组合,而不是单一原因,导致这种罕见的表型。在这里,我们回顾了这些杰出人物的最新研究进展。我们总结了HIV控制者的流行病学和临床特征,随后描述了宿主遗传因素、先天和适应性免疫反应以及病毒因素对这种表型的贡献作用。我们强调HIV特异性CD4 T细胞反应和CD4 T细胞亚群的独特特征,这些特征经常在HIV控制者中发现。我们讨论了该领域的主要争议以及研究艾滋病毒控制器与开发新的治疗策略和疫苗的相关性。
A small minority of HIV-infected individuals, known as HIV controllers, is able to exert long-term control over HIV replication in the absence of treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that the adaptive immune system plays a critical role in this control but also that a combination of several host and/or viral factors, rather than a single cause, leads to this rare phenotype. Here, we review recent advances in the study of these remarkable individuals. We summarize the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of HIV controllers, and subsequently describe contributing roles of host genetic factors, innate and adaptive immune responses, and viral factors to this phenotype. We emphasize distinctive characteristics of HIV-specific CD4 T cell responses and of CD4 T cell subpopulations that are frequently found in HIV controllers. We discuss major controversies in the field and the relevance of the study of HIV controllers for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and vaccines.
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