Learning to like disgust: neuronal correlates of counterconditioning
Learning to like disgust: neuronal correlates of counterconditioning
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学会喜欢厌恶：反调节的神经元相关性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
R. Stark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Schweckendiek;T. Klucken;C. Merz;S. Kagerer;B. Walter;D. Vaitl;R. Stark
研究表明，夸大的厌恶反应在某些焦虑症的发展和维持中起着至关重要的作用。一种可能有效改变厌恶反应的策略是反作用。在这项研究中，我们使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来检查是否通过反条件反射程序改变了厌恶反应的神经元基础。一个厌恶图片（条件刺激：CS+disg）宣布了金钱奖励，而第二个厌恶图片（CS-disg）从未与奖励配对。以相同的方式调节两个中性对照图片（CS+con/CS-con）。评价性条件反射的分析表明，与相应的CS-相比，两个CS+在条件反射后被评为更积极。因此，CS+disg和CS+con在效价评级上获得相等的增加。关于fMRI数据，ANOVA结果显示了调节程序的主要影响（即，CS+ vs. CS-）。此外，图片类别（厌恶与控制）的主要影响被发现在双侧颞叶和眶额皮质。未检测到相互作用效应。综上所述，研究结果表明，学习和预期的奖励没有显着影响的厌恶内容的CS图片。这表明厌恶图片引起的情感和奖励预期产生的情感可能不会影响彼此的加工。
Converging lines of research suggest that exaggerated disgust responses play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of certain anxiety disorders. One strategy that might effectively alter disgust responses is counterconditioning. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine if the neuronal bases of disgust responses are altered through a counterconditioning procedure. One disgust picture (conditioned stimulus: CS+disg) announced a monetary reward, while a second disgust picture (CS-disg) was never paired with the reward. Two neutral control pictures (CS+con/CS-con) were conditioned in the same manner. Analyses of evaluative conditioning showed that both CS+ were rated significantly more positive after conditioning as compared to the corresponding CS−. Thereby, the CS+disg and the CS+con received an equal increase in valence ratings. Regarding the fMRI data, ANOVA results showed main effects of the conditioning procedure (i.e., CS+ vs. CS−) in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Further, main effects of the picture category (disgust vs. control) were found in the bilateral insula and the orbitofrontal cortex. No interaction effects were detected. In conclusion, the results imply that learning and anticipation of reward was not significantly influenced by the disgust content of the CS pictures. This suggests that the affect induced by the disgust pictures and the affect created by the anticipation of reward may not influence the processing of each other.
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