Do musicians with perfect pitch have more autism traits than musicians without perfect pitch? An empirical study.
Do musicians with perfect pitch have more autism traits than musicians without perfect pitch? An empirical study.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0037961
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Vuust P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dohn A;Garza-Villarreal EA;Heaton P;Vuust P
完美音高，也被称为绝对音高（AP），是指在没有外部参考的情况下正确识别或产生音调的罕见能力。AP通常被认为反映了音乐天赋，但它也与某些残疾有关，因为AP在患有感觉和发育障碍的个体中的患病率增加。在这里，我们确定个人自闭症特征是否存在于AP患者中。我们在三组匹配的受试者中使用自闭症谱系商（AQ）量化了自闭症特征的亚临床水平：16名音乐家AP（AP），18名音乐家没有AP（非AP），16名非音乐家。此外，我们还通过正弦波音和钢琴音的音高识别测试来测量AP能力。我们发现AP中的自闭症特征明显高于非AP和非音乐家，自闭症分数与音高识别分数显著相关（r =.46，p =.003）。 然而，我们的研究结果表明，AP没有区别于非AP的诊断关键的社会和沟通领域的分数和他们的总AQ分数远低于自闭症的临床阈值。在AQ的想象力和注意力转换分量表上出现了组间差异。因此，虽然这些发现确实将AP与自闭症联系起来，但它们也表明AP能力与正常人群中差异很大的人格特征密切相关。
Perfect pitch, also known as absolute pitch (AP), refers to the rare ability to identify or produce a musical tone correctly without the benefit of an external reference. AP is often considered to reflect musical giftedness, but it has also been associated with certain disabilities due to increased prevalence of AP in individuals with sensory and developmental disorders. Here, we determine whether individual autistic traits are present in people with AP. We quantified subclinical levels of autism traits using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) in three matched groups of subjects: 16 musicians with AP (APs), 18 musicians without AP (non-APs), and 16 non-musicians. In addition, we measured AP ability by a pitch identification test with sine wave tones and piano tones. We found a significantly higher degree of autism traits in APs than in non-APs and non-musicians, and autism scores were significantly correlated with pitch identification scores (r = .46, p = .003). However, our results showed that APs did not differ from non-APs on diagnostically crucial social and communicative domain scores and their total AQ scores were well below clinical thresholds for autism. Group differences emerged on the imagination and attention switching subscales of the AQ. Thus, whilst these findings do link AP with autism, they also show that AP ability is most strongly associated with personality traits that vary widely within the normal population.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Baharloo, S;Johnston, PA;Freimer, NB
通讯作者：
Freimer, NB
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Brown, WA;Cammuso, K;Folstein, SE
通讯作者：
Folstein, SE
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2002.1206
发表时间：
2003-02-28
期刊：
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Baron-Cohen, S;Richler, J;Wheelwright, S
通讯作者：
Wheelwright, S
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0703868104
发表时间：
2007-09-11
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Athos, E. Alexandra;Levinson, Barbara;Gitschier, Jane
通讯作者：
Gitschier, Jane
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Baharloo, S;Service, SK;Freimer, NB
通讯作者：
Freimer, NB