The effects of acute abstinence from smoking and performance-based rewards on performance monitoring.
The effects of acute abstinence from smoking and performance-based rewards on performance monitoring.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-013-3131-8
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发表时间：
2013-10
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Rosch, Keri S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schlienz, Nicolas J.;Hawk, Larry W., Jr.;Rosch, Keri S.
戒烟会扰乱多个认知域的表现，这种认知效应可能有助于维持吸烟行为。禁欲不会对狭窄的加工领域产生特定的影响，而可能会扰乱更广泛的认知控制过程和/或动机。这项研究测试了这样一种预测，即整夜戒烟将扰乱通过错误相关负向(ERN)索引的一般绩效监测系统。第二个目标是确定基于绩效的金钱奖励在多大程度上改善了吸烟者的ERN，以及在戒烟期间奖励的效果是否减弱。ERN是在25名没有寻求治疗的重度吸烟者的侧翼任务中进行评估的，这些吸烟者在正常吸烟和隔夜戒烟后都进行了评估；在每个疗程中都进行了奖励和不奖励试验。正如预测的那样，戒断期间ERN的平均波幅降低。奖赏增强了ERN；这种影响不随戒烟而改变。这项研究提供了新的数据，表明急性戒烟会扰乱一般表现监测系统的神经生理指数，该系统涉及一系列认知功能。ERN可能是对禁欲的窄带认知研究和旨在针对成瘾认知的干预措施的有用补充。由于ERN对戒烟和基于表现的激励同时敏感，因此它可能对检验认知和动机在吸烟和戒烟中的相互作用特别有用。
Abstinence from smoking disrupts performance in multiple cognitive domains, and such cognitive effects may serve to maintain smoking behavior. Rather than having specific effects on a narrow domain of processing, abstinence may disrupt more general cognitive control processes and/or motivation. The present study tested the prediction that overnight abstinence from smoking would disrupt a general performance monitoring system indexed via the error-related negativity (ERN). A secondary aim was to determine the extent to which performance-based monetary rewards improved the ERN among smokers and whether the effect of reward was diminished during abstinence. The ERN was assessed during a flanker task among 25 heavy, non-treatment-seeking smokers both when smoking as usual and after overnight abstinence; reward and no-reward trial blocks occurred within each session. As predicted, mean ERN amplitude was reduced during abstinence. The ERN was enhanced by reward; this effect did not vary with smoking abstinence. This study provides novel data that suggest acute abstinence from smoking disrupts a neurophysiological index of a general performance monitoring system that is involved in a range of cognitive functions. The ERN may be a useful complement to narrow-band cognitive studies of abstinence and interventions designed to target cognition in addiction. Because the ERN was concurrently sensitive to abstinence and performance-based incentives, it may be particular useful for examining the interplay of cognition and motivation in smoking and smoking cessation.
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