Life-course trajectories of employment quality and health in the U.S.: A multichannel sequence analysis.
Life-course trajectories of employment quality and health in the U.S.: A multichannel sequence analysis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113327
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hajat A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eisenberg-Guyot J;Peckham T;Andrea SB;Oddo V;Seixas N;Hajat A
自20世纪70年代以来，美国的就业组织发生了巨大变化，导致工人在就业关系的许多方面的权力和安全感下降。多维度的就业质量（EQ）措施可以用来捕捉这些变化，并测试它们与健康的关联。然而，大多数公共卫生EQ研究都使用了横截面，一维数据。我们使用纵向，多维EQ指标和2，779名1985-2017年收入动态调查受访者的数据来解决这些限制。首先，使用多通道序列分析方法，我们根据受访者的就业稳定性、物质奖励、工作时间安排、集体组织和权力关系，确定了职业中期（29-50岁）情商轨迹的性别集群。接下来，我们检查了受访者特征的跨集群变化。最后，我们估计了聚类成员资格与序列分析后的不良/一般自测健康（SRH）和中度精神疾病（Kessler-K6≥5）患病率之间的性别特异性关联。我们在女性中确定了五个集群，在男性中确定了七个集群。低情商群体中的受访者不成比例地是有色人种和受教育程度较低的人;他们也倾向于报告更差的健康状况。例如，在妇女中，性健康和生殖健康差/一般和中度精神疾病的患病率在标准就业关系-如-非工会工人和自营职业者中最低，在最低程度依附、重返劳动力市场和就业不稳定的工人中最高。与此同时，在男性中，稳定的高工资工人和富裕的自营职业者的患病率最低，退出劳动力和不稳定就业工人的患病率最高。鉴于情商在健康不公平中的潜在作用，研究人员和从业人员应在工作中考虑情商。
The organization of employment in the U.S. has changed dramatically since the 1970s, causing decreased power and security for workers across many dimensions of the employment relationship. Multidimensional employment-quality (EQ) measures can be used to capture these changes and test their association with health. However, most public-health EQ studies have used cross-sectional, unidimensional data. We addressed these limitations using a longitudinal, multidimensional EQ measure and data on 2,779 1985–2017 Panel Study of Income Dynamics respondents. First, using a multichannel sequence-analysis approach, we identified gender-specific clusters of mid-career (ages 29–50) EQ trajectories based on respondents’ employment stability, material rewards, working-time arrangements, collective organization, and power relations. Next, we examined cross-cluster variation in respondent characteristics. Finally, we estimated the gender-specific associations between cluster-membership and post-sequence-analysis-period prevalence of poor/fair self-rated health (SRH) and moderate mental illness (Kessler-K6≥5). We identified five clusters among women and seven among men. Respondents in poor-EQ clusters were disproportionately people of color and less-educated; they also tended to report worse health. For example, among women, the prevalence of poor/fair SRH and moderate mental illness was lowest among standard-employment-relationship-like-non-union workers and the becoming self-employed, and greatest among minimally-attached, returning-to-the-labor-force, and precariously-employed workers. Meanwhile, among men, the prevalence of the outcomes was lowest among stably-high-wage workers and the wealthy self-employed, and greatest among exiting-the-labor-force and precariously-employed workers. Given the potential role of EQ in health inequities, researchers and practitioners should consider EQ in their work.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Julia, Mireia;Vanroelen, Christophe;Benach, Joan
通讯作者：
Benach, Joan
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Amick, Benjamin C.;McLeod, Christopher B.;Bultmann, Ute
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Bultmann, Ute
DOI：
10.1017/s1742058x11000130
发表时间：
2011-04
期刊：
Du Bois review : social science research on race
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gee GC;Ford CL
通讯作者：
Ford CL
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Kessler, Ronald C.;Green, Jennifer Greif;Gruber, Michael J.;Sampson, Nancy A.;Bromet, Evelyn;Cuitan, Marius;Furukawa, Toshi A.;Gureje, Oye;Hinkov, Hristo;Hu, Chi-Yi;Lara, Carmen;Lee, Sing;Mneimneh, Zeina;Myer, Landon;Oakley-Browne, Mark;Posada-Villa, Jose;Sagar, Rajesh;Viana, Maria Carmen;Zaslavsky, Alan M.
通讯作者：
Zaslavsky, Alan M.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Giudici, Francesco;Morselli, Davide
通讯作者：
Morselli, Davide