Mapping feasibilities of greenhouse gas removal: Key issues, gaps and opening up assessments

Mapping feasibilities of greenhouse gas removal: Key issues, gaps and opening up assessments
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绘制温室气体清除的可行性:关键问题、差距和开放评估

DOI:
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102073
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Global Environmental Change
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Forster J
Forster J
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Forster J

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温室气体消除技术和实践对于使排放量达到净零并将全球变暖控制在1.5 °C至关重要。为了实现这一目标,大多数综合评估模型(IAM)使用大规模植树造林和生物质能源碳捕获和封存(BECC),这些模型生成未来排放情景并为国际政策进程提供信息。迄今为止,只是从相对狭隘的技术经济或生物物理角度来考虑这些技术和做法的可行性。在这里,我们提出了第一批研究之一,通过专家绘图过程来启发观点,以打开和扩大关于植树造林和BECCS可行性的讨论。我们的利益相关者包括工商界、非政府组织和政策制定者,他们拥有生物能源、林业、CCS和气候变化方面的专业知识。与会者就(1)与大规模植树造林的森林生态系统有关的问题和(2)评估可行性的具体标准提出了看法。与会者确定了围绕问题的12个主题和61个分主题,以及围绕可行性标准的11个主题和33个分主题。我们的调查结果显示了可行性的重要社会和治理方面,目前这些方面的代表性不足,特别是围绕现实世界的复杂性、相互竞争的人类需求、正义和伦理的问题。使用这些技术消除温室气体的独特之处在于时间和空间尺度以及温室气体核算方面的问题。使用这些专家的见解,我们强调了IAM目前未能捕获这些担忧的地方。必须认识和考虑这些更广泛、往往更定性的观点、问题和不确定性,以便了解大规模植树造林和BECCS在现实世界中的可行性以及它们在限制气候变化方面发挥的作用。这些考虑使得能够扩大范围,使之能够更广泛和更深入地讨论可能和可取的未来,而不是侧重于实现净零排放,同时注意这种决定可能产生的影响。我们概述了可用于关注IAM无法提供的复杂社会和政治维度的方法。通过以这种方式补充IAM,可以创造机会,在IAM提出的框架之外,开启对未来选择和替代方案的考虑,为纳入知识、反身性和责任创造机会。
Greenhouse gas removal technologies and practices are essential to bring emissions to net zero and limit global warming to 1.5 °C. To achieve this, the majority of integrated assessment models (IAMs), that generate future emissions scenarios and inform the international policy process, use large-scale afforestation and biomass energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). The feasibility of these technologies and practices has only so far been considered from a relatively narrow techno-economic or biophysical perspective. Here, we present one of the first studies to elicit perspectives through an expert mapping process to open up and broaden the discussion around feasibility of afforestation and BECCS. Our stakeholders included business and industry, non-governmental organisations and policy makers, spanning expertise in bioenergy, forestry, CCS and climate change. Perspectives were elicited on (1) issues relating to BECCS with large-scale afforestation, and (2) specific criteria for assessing feasibility. Participants identified 12 main themes with 61 sub-themes around issues, and 11 main themes with 33 sub-themes around feasibility criteria. Our findings show important societal and governance aspects of feasibility that are currently under-represented, specifically issues around real-world complexity, competing human needs, justice and ethics. Unique to the use of these technologies for greenhouse gas removal are issues around temporal and spatial scale, and greenhouse gas accounting. Using these expert insights, we highlight where IAMs currently poorly capture these concerns. These broader, often more qualitative perspectives, issues and uncertainties must be recognised and accounted for, in order to understand the real-world feasibility of large-scale afforestation and BECCS and the role they play in limiting climate change. These considerations enable widening the scope to broader and deeper discussions about possible and desirable futures, beyond a focus on achieving net-zero emissions, attentive to the effects such decisions may have. We outline approaches that can be used to attend to the complex social and political dimensions that IAMs do not render. By complementing IAMs in this way opportunities can be created to open up considerations of future options and alternatives beyond those framings proposed by IAMs, creating opportunities for inclusion of knowledges, reflexivity and responsibility.
从生物到纳米:从英国农业生物技术争议中吸取教训
DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊:
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2015
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DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.12.008
发表时间: 2013-04-01
影响因子: 8.9
作者:
Macnaghten, Phil;Szerszynski, Bronislaw
通讯作者: Szerszynski, Bronislaw
DOI: 10.1068/c8s
发表时间: 2001
期刊: Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy
影响因子: --
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