Bat flight and zoonotic viruses.

Bat flight and zoonotic viruses.
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DOI:
10.3201/eid2005.130539
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发表时间:
2014-05
影响因子:
11.8
通讯作者:
Wood JL
Wood JL
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
O'Shea TJ;Cryan PM;Cunningham AA;Fooks AR;Hayman DT;Luis AD;Peel AJ;Plowright RK;Wood JL

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飞行蝙蝠的高代谢和体温可能使它们能够携带许多病毒。蝙蝠是全球高度病毒多样性和高度人畜共患病毒的来源。虽然蝙蝠身上的病毒在其宿主中没有明显的致病性,但一些病毒严重影响其他哺乳动物,包括人类。例子包括严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒、埃博拉病毒和马尔堡病毒以及尼帕病毒和亨德拉病毒。蝙蝠病毒高度多样性的潜在因素是推测的主题。我们假设,飞行,所有蝙蝠,但没有其他哺乳动物的共同因素,提供了一个密集的选择力共存的病毒寄生虫通过日常周期,提高代谢和体温类似于其他哺乳动物的发热反应。在进化的尺度上,这种宿主-病毒相互作用可能导致蝙蝠中人畜共患病病毒的多样性,可能是通过蝙蝠病毒适应更耐受发热反应,对天然宿主的毒性较小。
High metabolism and body temperatures of flying bats might enable them to host many viruses. Bats are sources of high viral diversity and high-profile zoonotic viruses worldwide. Although apparently not pathogenic in their reservoir hosts, some viruses from bats severely affect other mammals, including humans. Examples include severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Ebola and Marburg viruses, and Nipah and Hendra viruses. Factors underlying high viral diversity in bats are the subject of speculation. We hypothesize that flight, a factor common to all bats but to no other mammals, provides an intensive selective force for coexistence with viral parasites through a daily cycle that elevates metabolism and body temperature analogous to the febrile response in other mammals. On an evolutionary scale, this host–virus interaction might have resulted in the large diversity of zoonotic viruses in bats, possibly through bat viruses adapting to be more tolerant of the fever response and less virulent to their natural hosts.
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