Compression-based Modelling of Musical Similarity Perception

Compression-based Modelling of Musical Similarity Perception
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基于压缩的音乐相似性感知建模

DOI:
10.1080/09298215.2017.1305419
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
1.1
通讯作者:
Pearce M
Pearce M
中科院分区:
计算机科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pearce M

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相似性是音乐认知研究中的一个重要概念,因为音乐作品中各部分之间的相似性决定了人们对音乐作品中各部分之间的风格类别和结构关系的感知。本研究的目的是开发和测试受转换方法启发的音乐相似性感知模型,转换方法根据将第一个对象的表征转换为第二个对象的表征所需的认知操作的复杂性来构想两个感知对象之间的相似性,这是一个用信息论术语制定的过程。具体来说,计算模拟是基于压缩距离开发的,其中在一段音乐上训练概率模型,然后用于预测或压缩第二段音乐中的音符。根据模型,第二部分的可预测性越高,其编码效率越高,两部分之间的相似性越大。本研究扩展了现有的听觉期望信息理论模型(IDyOM),使用代表音高和节奏结构方面的高级符号特征来计算对称和归一化变化的压缩距离。将这些压缩距离与听众在三个实验中收集的旋律对之间的相似性评级进行比较,表明基于压缩的模型提供了很好的数据拟合,并允许识别表征、模型参数和基于压缩的指标,这些指标最能说明音乐相似性感知。基于压缩的模型也显示出与MIREX 2005旋律相似性任务中表现最好的算法相当的性能。
Similarity is an important concept in music cognition research since the similarity between (parts of) musical pieces determines perception of stylistic categories and structural relationships between parts of musical works. The purpose of the present research is to develop and test models of musical similarity perception inspired by a transformational approach which conceives of similarity between two perceptual objects in terms of the complexity of the cognitive operations required to transform the representation of the first object into that of the second, a process which has been formulated in information-theoretic terms. Specifically, computational simulations are developed based on compression distance in which a probabilistic model is trained on one piece of music and then used to predict, or compress, the notes in a second piece. The more predictable the second piece according to the model, the more efficiently it can be encoded and the greater the similarity between the two pieces. The present research extends an existing information-theoretic model of auditory expectation (IDyOM) to compute compression distances varying in symmetry and normalisation using high-level symbolic features representing aspects of pitch and rhythmic structure. Comparing these compression distances with listeners’ similarity ratings between pairs of melodies collected in three experiments demonstrates that the compression-based model provides a good fit to the data and allows the identification of representations, model parameters and compression-based metrics that best account for musical similarity perception. The compression-based model also shows comparable performance to the best-performing algorithms on the MIREX 2005 melodic similarity task.
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